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> 1980s
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1.3 War, peace and politics
Cold War
peaks; fall of the
Iron Curtain
Jimmy Carter
announces a U.S. boycott of the
1980 Summer Olympics
in
Moscow
;
Eastern Bloc
countries boycott the
1984 Summer Olympics
in
Los Angeles
Solidarity
movement in
Poland
launched in
1981
. It eventually topples the country's
Communist
regime
Ronald Reagan
proposes the
Strategic Defense Initiative
, derided as "Star Wars." Deploys
Pershing
missiles in Western Europe to counter the Soviety
SS-20
, to widespread protests
Soviet fighters down
Korean Air Flight 7
in
1983
Gorbachev
introduces
Glasnost
and
Perestroika
in the
Soviet Union
Fall of the
Berlin Wall
in
East Germany
, preparing the way to
German reunification
Velvet revolution
in
Czechoslovakia
Revolution
in
Romania
, execution of
Ceausescu
Margaret Thatcher
and
Thatcherism
dominate
British politics
. The so-called
Reagan Revolution
introduces
neoconservative
s to
Washington
Falklands War
;
Argentine
invades the
Falkland islands
in
1982
but defeated by
Great Britain
Israel
invades
Lebanon
in
1982
. A suicide bomber kills 241 U.S.
marines
stationed there as peacekeepers.
Iran-Iraq war
from
1980
to
1988
kills one million people
Over 120,000 flee
Cuba
in
1980
during the
Mariel
Airlift
P.W. Botha
suppresses anti-
apartheid
activists; international boycotts of
South Africa
continue
King
Juan Carlos of Spain
prevents a military coup in
1980
.
Spain
joined
NATO
in
1982
; it joined the
European Union
with
Portugal
in
1986
.
In
1989
students protest on
Tiananmen Square
,
Beijing
,
China
and are ruthlessly suppressed
"People Power" in the
Philippines
topples the
Ferdinand Marcos
dictatorship; military rule ends after protests in
Argentina
and
South Korea
The
Soviet Union
ends its disastrous military campaign in
Afghanistan
Former
United Nations Secretary-General
Kurt Waldheim
is exposed as a former
Nazi
Vietnam
continues its military occupation of
Cambodia
In Europe, rise of right wing parties (
Le Pen
in
France
, Schönhuber /Republikaner in Germany,
Haider
in Austria), parallel to a rise of
Green parties
.
Political correctness
U.S. invades
Grenada
The Reagan doctrine supports anti-communist insurgencies in
El Salvador
and elsewhere, but leads to the
Iran-Contra scandal
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