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1.3.1 Geography

Besides the degree of nationalism, which is nowadays considered inappropriate in Germany, but is not uncommon among national anthems, the geography in the first stanza is reason for major criticism and misuse.

Von der Maas bis an die Memel,From the Meuse to the Neman,
von der Etsch bis an den Belt.from the Adige to the Belt.

In the early 1840s, when the text was written, there was no single German state and it was uncertain if there would ever be. Fallersleben outlines the Deutscher Bund or großdeutsche Lösung (greater Germany) including Austria (without Hungary), which more or less only existed from 1937 to 1945. Thus the southern border is the Etsch ( South Tyrol), nowadays Italy. To the north there's not as much difference to later real boundaries, but the (kleine) Belt between Jutland and Funen is Danish territory now (see first and second war of Schleswig). In the north-west he names the Maas, thus implying Dutch Limburg, Luxembourg and the eastern part of Belgium to be a part of Germany. Both Dutch Limburg and Luxembourg were members of the German Confederation. Further south he doesn't name the Rhein explicitly, avoiding a statement about the Elsaß. In the east East Prussia expanded far into the Baltic region with its border on the Memel, the German name for the Neman River, now in Lithuania.\

If someone wrote the text after 1945/49 or rather 1989/90, it would probably read something like this:

Vom Rhein bis an die Oder,From the Rhine to the Oder,
von den Alpen bis ans Meer.from the Alps to the Sea.


1.4 Lyrics and translation

It is important to note that since the second World War the German national anthem has been shortened and now just consists of the Third Stanze. This is because the first, second,and forth stanza were thought of (in Germany--by the Germans) to sound too suprematory which is one of the problems that led them into World War II. Germans disregard the old stanzas and it is considered disrespectful if you sing it.
German lyrics Approximate translation
First stanza

Deutschland, Deutschland über alles,
über alles in der Welt,
wenn es stets zu Schutz und Trutze
brüderlich zusammenhält.
Von der Maas bis an die Memel,
von der Etsch bis an den Belt,
 |: Deutschland, Deutschland über alles,
  über alles in der Welt! :|

Germany, Germany above all,
above anything in the world,
if it always holds together brotherly
for protection and defense.
From the Meuse to the Memel,
from the Adige to the Belt,
 |: Germany, Germany above all,
  above anything in the world. :|

Second stanza

Deutsche Frauen, deutsche Treue,
deutscher Wein und deutscher Sang
sollen in der Welt behalten
ihren alten schönen Klang,
uns zu edler Tat begeistern
unser ganzes Leben lang.
 |: Deutsche Frauen, deutsche Treue,
  deutscher Wein und deutscher Sang! :|

German women, German loyalty,
German wine and German songs
shall continue to be held in high
esteem all over the world,
and inspire us to noble deeds
all our lives.
 |: German women, german faithfulness,
  german wine and german songs! :|

Third stanza, FRG anthem

Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit
für das deutsche Vaterland!
Danach laßt uns alle streben
brüderlich mit Herz und Hand!
Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit
sind des Glückes Unterpfand;
 |: blüh' im Glanze dieses Glückes,
  blühe, deutsches Vaterland. :|

Unity and justice and freedom
for the German fatherland;
This let us all pursue,
brotherly with heart and hand.
Unity and justice and freedom
are the pledge of happiness.
 |: Flourish in this blessing's glory,
  flourish, German fatherland. :|

Fourth stanza (1921)

Deutschland, Deutschland über alles
Und im Unglück nun erst recht.
Nur im Unglück kann die Liebe
Zeigen ob sie stark und echt.
Und so soll es weiterklingen
Von Geschlechte zu Geschlecht:
 |: Deutschland, Deutschland über alles
  Und im Unglück nun erst recht. :|

Germany, Germany above all,
and during disaster more than ever,
only in disaster can love
show whether it's strong and true;
And so shall the song continue
from generation to generation
 |: Germany, Germany above all,
  and during disaster more than ever.:|





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