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All HTML documents should start with a Document Type Definition (or DTD) declaration. For example:
This defines a document that conformes to the Strict DTD of HTML 4.01, which is purely structural, leaving formatting to Cascading Style Sheets. Other DTDs, including Loose, Transitional, and Frameset, define different rules for the use of the language.
There is no official HTML 1.0 specification because there were multiple informal HTML standards at the time. Work on a successor for HTML, then called 'HTML+', began in late 1993, designed originally to be "A superset of HTML … [which] allows a gradual rollover from the previous format [HTML]" ( Dave Raggett , September 1993). The first formal specification was therefore given the version number 2.0 in order to distinguish it from these unofficial "standards". Work on HTML+ continued, but this never became a standard.
The HTML 3.0 standard was proposed by the newly formed W3C in March, 1995, and provided many new capabilities such as support for tables, text flow around figures and the display of complex math elements. Even though it was designed to be compatible with HTML 2.0, it was too complex at the time to be implemented, and when the draft expired in September 1995 it was not continued due to lack of browser support. HTML 3.1 was never officially proposed, and the next standard proposal was HTML 3.2, which had dropped the majority of the new features in HTML 3.0 and had instead adopted many browser-specific elements and attributes which had been created for the Netscape and Mosaic web browsers. Support for math as proposed by HTML 3.0 finally came with the different standard MathML.
HTML 4.0 likewise adopted many browser-specific elements and attributes, but at the same time began to try to 'clean up' the standard, by marking some of them as 'deprecated'.
There will no longer be any new versions of HTML. However, HTML lives on in XHTML, which is based on XML.
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