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Oakland is located at 37°47'43" North, 122°13'41" West (37.795227, -122.228111) 1.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 202.4 km˛ (78.2 mi˛). 145.2 km˛ (56.1 mi˛) of it is land and 57.2 km˛ (22.1 mi˛) of it is water. The total area is 28.28% water.
Oaklanders most broadly refer to their city's terrain as "the flats" and "the hills," which up until very recent waves of gentrication have also been a reference to Oakland's deep economic divide, with "the hills" being more affluent communities. About 2/3rds of Oakland lies within the flat plain of the San Francisco Bay, with 1/3 rising into the foothills and hills of the East Bay range.
Oakland's climate is a combination of coastal cities like San Francisco and inland cities like San Jose. While it is not located on the Pacific Ocean, its position directly inland from the Golden Gate means that the city gets a significant amount of cold nighttime fog during the summer. It is far enough inland, though, that the fog usually disappears by the morning allowing the city to have stereotypical warm sunny California days.
Oakland's average temperature of 55F/13C is a little lower than many other California cities. Oakland's average high is 62F/17C and average low is 48F/9C with the warmest month being September, and the coldest month being January. An average of 23 inches of rain falls each year with almost all rain occurring between October and May.
Rand McNally ranked Oakland's climate as the best in the United States.
As of the census 2 of 2000, there are 399,484 people, 150,790 households, and 86,402 families residing in the city. The population density is 2,751.4/km˛ (7,126.6/mi˛). There are 157,508 housing units at an average density of 1,084.8/km˛ (2,809.8/mi˛). The racial makeup of the city is 31.29% White, 35.66% African American, 0.66% Native American, 15.23% Asian, 0.50% Pacific Islander, 11.66% from other races, and 4.98% from two or more races. 21.89% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 150,790 households out of which 28.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.0% are married couples living together, 17.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 42.7% are non-families. 32.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.60 and the average family size is 3.38.
In the city the population is spread out with 25.0% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 34.0% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there are 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $40,055, and the median income for a family is $44,384. Males have a median income of $37,433 versus $35,088 for females. The per capita income for the city is $21,936. 19.4% of the population and 16.2% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 27.9% of those under the age of 18 and 13.1% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
The city of Oakland stretches from San Francisco Bay up into the East Bay Hills. Along the way, numerous neighborhoods reach from the "flatlands" neighborhoods which include the historically working-class areas of West Oakland, North Oakland, Fruitvale, and East Oakland up into the foothill districts (Grand Lake, Lakeshore-Trestle Glen, the Glenview, Lincoln Heights, the Laurel, Redwood Heights, Maxwell Park, Eastmont, and Millsmont), and into the high hills communities (North Hills, Hiller Highlands, Upper Rockridge, Montclair, Ridgemont, Grass Valley, Sequoyah Hills.) Several flatland neighborhoods are considered trendy and are gentrifying rapidly (Rockridge, Temescal, Piedmont Ave., Adams Point, Lake Merritt.) Downtown neighborhoods include the Loft District, the Waterfront, Old Oakland, Chinatown, and Uptown. The character of these neighborhoods continues to change as waves of immigrants from within the US and other countries relocate here for a more liberal lifestyle and the changing economy lures more technically skilled workers.
Places to see in Oakland include Lake Merritt, Jack London Square, and the Oakland Zoo. The USS Potomac , Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s presidential yacht, is berthed in Oakland.
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