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3 J.R.R. Tolkien

The fantasy novels of J.R.R. Tolkien contained heavy linguistic detail, along with philosophical ideals of what constituted notions of beautiful and ugly language. Tolkien personally loathed "guttural" consonants, so in his fictional "fair" languages, he completely omitted uvular consonants and the voiced velar fricative ( IPA /ɣ/), but kept other velar consonants intact. He further demonized the uvular R, using it only in his fictional "black" languages such as the Black Speech along with the native languages spoken by the Orcs. In contrast, the Elves spoke R as a "fair" alveolar trill at all times.

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These conventions were not as strictly adhered to in the various film and animation versions of Tolkien's works. In particular, the Rankin-Bass animated adaptation of The Hobbit has the Elves of Mirkwood speaking with a voiced uvular fricative. In contrast, in Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy, the orcs and Uruk-hai speak in Cockney-style accents with alveolar and retroflex approximants.

Uvular R

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Uvular consonantUvular consonants are articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants. Most uvular consonants are either stops or fricatives, but a very small number of languages use them as nasa	Uvular ejectiveThe uvular ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is G\_G\_ \| Kirshenbaum \| align "center"\|q` ! colspan "2	Uvular nasalThe uvular nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is N\. Features of this consonant: Its manner of articulati
Uvular trillThe uvular trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is R\. Features of this consonant: Its manner of articulati	Uvular RIn linguistics, uvular R (also guttural R throaty R or French R refers to pronunciation of the phoneme R as a uvular consonant. These consonants are usually found as a uvular trill ( IPA //), a voiced uvular fricative (IPA //), or a voiceless uvular frica