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15 Q

Quære: "(You might) ask..." — used to introduce questions, usually rhetorical or tangential questions.
Qualis artifex pereo!: "What a great artist dies with me!" — attributed to Nero by Suetonius.
Quaque die (doctor's shorthand: qd): "Every day"
Quaque hora (doctor's shorthand: qh): "Every hour"
Quarter in die (doctor's shorthand: qid): "Four times a day"
Quid novi ex Africa?: "What's new out of Africa?" — derived from an Aristotle quote.
Quid pro quo: "A thing for a thing" — i.e. a favor for a favor.
Quidnunc? or Quid nunc?: "What now?" — as a noun, a quidnunc is a busybody or a gossip.
Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes: "Who watches the watchmen?" -- Juvenal, circa 128 AD
Quo vadis: "Where are you going?" — according to Christian legend, asked by St. Peter meeting Jesus on the Appian way in Rome.
Quo vide (q.v.): "Which see" — used after a term or phrase that should be looked up elsewhere in the current document or book.
Quod erat demonstrandum ( Q.E.D.): "That which was to be demonstrated" — often written (abbreviated) at the bottom of a mathematical proof.
Quo errat demonstrator: "Where the prover errs" — a pun on Quod erat demonstrandum.
Quousque tandem?: "For how much longer?" — from Cicero's speech to the Roman senate regarding the conspiracy of Catiline: Quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra? i.e. "For how much longer, Catilina, will you abuse our patience?".

16 R

Rara avis: "A rare bird" — i.e. an extraodinary or unusual thing (from Juvenal's Satires: rara avis in terris nigroque simillima cycno, "a rare bird on the earth, and very like a black swan").
Ratio legis: "Legal foundation."
Reductio ad absurdum: "Reduction to absurdity" — a technique of argument that proves the thesis by showing that its opposite is absurd or logically untenable. This is an oft-used method of proof in mathematics and philosophy.
Regnat populus: "Let the People rule."
Repetitio est mater studiorum: "Repetition is the mother of study"
Requiescat in pace (R.I.P.): "May he rest in peace" — a benediction for the dead. Often inscribed on tombstones or other grave markers.
Res ipsa loquitur: "The thing speaks for itself" — a phrase from the common law of torts that means negligence can be inferred from the fact that such an accident happened, without proof of exactly how.
Res ipsa loquitur, sed quid in infernos dicet?: "The thing speaks for itself, but what the hell did it say?" — a sarcastic pseudo-Latin commentary on res ipsa loquitur, reminding the listener that we must still interpret the significance of events that "speak for themselves."
Res judicata: Literally, "Judged thing" — i.e. matter which has been decided by a court. Commonly, the legal concept that once a matter has been finally decided by the courts it cannot be litigated again. See also Double jeopardy
Res nullius: "Nobody's thing" — i.e. goods without owner.
Romani ite domum: "Romans go home" — as written one hundred times over the palace walls by Brian of Nazareth. See Monty Python's " Life of Brian"
Rosa rubicundior, lilio candidior, omnibus formosior, semper in te glorior: "Redder than the rose, whiter than the lilies, fairer than everything, I will always glory in thee."

17 S

Saltus in demonstrando: "Leap in demonstration."
Salva veritate: "With truth preserved."
Salvo errore et omissione (s.e.e.o.): "Except for errors and omissions" — appears on statements of "account currents".
Salvo honoris titulo (SHT): "Excluding the title" — used in writings to unfamiliar persons, as an excuse for not using the correct title.
Sancta sedes: "the Holy Chair" — i.e. the Papacy or the Holy See.
Sedes apostolica: "the Apostolic Chair" — i.e. the Papacy or the Holy See.
Servus servorum Dei: "Servant of the servants of God" — a title for the Pope.
Semper fidelis: "Always faithful" — motto of the United States Marine Corps, often abbreviated Semper Fi.
Semper paratus: "Always prepared" — the motto of the United States Coast Guard.
Semper ubi sub ubi

"Always where under where" — a Latin translation joke. Nonsensical, but the English translation is a pun of "Always wear underwear"

Senatus Populusque Romanus ( SPQR): "The Senate and the People of Rome" — i.e. "The Aristocrats and the Commoners", the official name of the Roman Republic. "SPQR" was carried on battle standards by the Roman Legions.
Sesquipedalia verba: "Words a foot and a half long" — long and complicated words that are used without necessity.
Sic: "Thus", "just so" — states that the preceding quoted material appears exactly that way in the source, usually despite errors of spelling, grammar, usage, or fact.
Sic itur ad astra: "Thus to the stars" — that's how to achieve fame.
Sic passim: "thus in various places" — used when referencing books; see passim.
Sic semper tyrannis: "Thus always to tyrants." — state motto of Virginia.
Signetur (doctor's shorthand: sig): "Let it be labeled"
Sine anno (s.a.): "Without year" — used in bibliographies to indicate that the date of publication of a document is unknown.
Sine die: "Without a (set) day" — originally from old common law texts, where it indicates that a final, dispositive order has been made in the case: there is nothing left for the court to do, so no date for further proceedings is set.
Sine ira et studio: "Without anger or bias" — impartially. From Cornelius Tacitus, Annals 1,1.
Sine loco (s.l.): "Without place" — used in bibliographies to indicate that the place of publication of a document is unknown.
Sine nomine (s.n.): "Without name" — used in bibliographies to indicate that the publisher of a document is unknown.
Sit tibi terra levitas (S.T.T.L.): "May the earth rest lightly on you" — a benediction for the dead, often inscribed on tombstones or other gravestones.
Sit venia verbo: "With apologies for the word" — i.e. "pardon my French."
Stanta pede: "On standing foot" — immediately.
Statim (doctor's shorthand: stat): "Immediately"
Status quo ( ante): "The state that was (before)" — the status of affairs or situation prior to some upsetting event.
Stet: "Let it stand" — marginal mark in proofreading to indicate that something previously deleted or marked for deletion should be retained.
Stricto sensu: "In the strict sense."
Stupor mundi: "Wonder of the world", the title by which Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, was known.
Sua sponte: "Of own accord." — motto of the U.S. Army Rangers. Also a legal term

Sub iudice or sub judice: "Under a judge" — said of a case that cannot be publicly discussed until it is finished.
Sub poena duces tecum: "Bring with you under penalty" — legal writ requiring appearance with documents, etc..
Sub poena (subpoena): "Under penalty" — of a request (usually by a court) that must be complied to on pain of punishment.
Sub rosa: "Under the rose" — secretly (a rose was placed above a door to indicate that what was said in the room beyond was not to be repeated outside).
Sub specie æternitatis: "From eternity's point of view." ( Spinoza, Ethics)
Sui generis: Of its (own) kind — in a class of its own.
Sui juris: Of one's own right — capable of (legal) responsiblity; legal and ecclesiastical use.
Sum quod eris / Fui quod sis: "I am what you will be / I was what you are" — gravestone incriptions that remind the reader of the inevitability of death. Also see Tu fui, ego eris.
Summa cum laude: "With the highest honor."
Summum bonum: "The supreme good."
Summum malum: "The supreme evil."
Sunt omnes uno: "They are all one."

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