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With the introduction of " Todd-AO", 65 mm/70 mm became popular during the 1950s for the wide screen, sharp picture and, most importantly, high quality sound. The advent of low-grain film stocks and availability of digital soundtrack systems for less expensive and more widely projectable 35 mm film lead to a decline in use of this expensive format in the 1990s. Lawrence of Arabia is a well-known film in 70 mm format; the clarity of its picture is apparent in theaters, though much less so on VHS or DVD.
There is a subset of 70 mm film known as Showscan , in which the picture is captured and shown at 60 frames per second, which can have beneficial effects on qualities like image strobe, flicker, and grain. It never caught on with mainstream cinema, and is primarily used for theme park simulation rides.
A horizontal variant of 65 mm/70 mm, with an even bigger picture area, is used for the high-performance IMAX and Omnimax format. The Dynavision and Astrovision systems are each systems which use slightly less film per frame and vertical pulldown to save print costs while being able to project onto an IMAX screen. Both are rare, Astrovision more or less exclusively occupying only Japanese planetariums.
Steven Spielberg's Close Encounters of the Third Kind was mainly shot on 35 mm film, but the effects sequences were shot on 70 mm film. Special effects man Douglas Trumbull (who later invented Showscan) decided to do this so that there would be no loss of quality which might subconsciously "warn" moviegoers that an effects sequence coming up.Starting in the late 1950s until the mid-1990s, many 35 mm films were converted onto 70 mm prints for premiere showings in large cities or venues which could accompany the format. Often this was not just for issues of image size, but more because of the six magnetic sound tracks available (versus two optical sound tracks on 35 mm) with 70 mm prints. Since the introduction of DTSIn cinemas, DTS Digital Theater Systems is a multichannel audio source for synchronized film sound. A modified time code is optically imaged on the film itself, and the DTS processor uses this to synchronize the soundtrack audio which is recorded in a com, SDDSSDDS stands for Sony Dynamic Digital Sound, which is a cinema sound system developed by Sony. Digital sound information is recorded on both outer edges of the 35mm release print. 7 main channels (5 screen + 2 surround) plus a sub-bass channel are availabl, and Dolby DigitalDescription Dolby Digital is the trademark for Dolby Laboratories' AC-3 lossy audio compression (or data reduction) system. It is a system for coding and decoding ( codec) digital audio sound so that it occupies less space on the recording medium. It is t, 70 mm lost this advantage, and a significantly lower number of 70 mm prints typically are struck today.
Standard 65 mm (5/70) ( Todd-AO, Super Panavision )
Showscan Same as Standard 65 mm except
IMAX (15/70)
Omnimax Same as IMAX except
Dynavision (8/70)
Astrovision (10/70)
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