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The Adirondack mountain range are a group of mountains in north-eastern New York, U.S.A., in Clinton, Essex, Franklin and Hamilton counties, often included by geographers in the Appalachian Mountains, but pertaining geologically to the Laurentian Mountains of Canada. They are bordered on the east by Lake Champlain, which separates them from the Green Mountains.They are also bordered to the south by the Mohawk Valley. The mountains are bordered on the west by the St. Lawrence River
A large portion of the Adirondack range is encompassed within the constitutionally protected 6 million acres (24,000 kmē) of Adirondack State Park, which includes a forest preserve of approximately 2.3 million acres (9,300 kmē). The Adirondacks contain a number of lakes, including Lake Placid, two-time site of the Olympic Winter Games.
Unlike the Appalachians, the Adirondacks do not form a connected range, but consist of many summits, isolated or in groups, arranged with little appearance of system. There are about one hundred peaks, ranging from 370 m to 1500 m (1200 to 5000 ft.) in height; the highest peak,
Mt. MarcyMount Marcy located within Adirondack State Park, is the highest mountain in New York. The mountain is named after former governor William L. Marcy, who authorized the environmental survey that explored the area. It was formerly called Tawahus an Indian n (called by the Indians Tahawus or "cloud-splitter"), is near the eastern part of the group and attains an elevation of 1629 m (5344 ft).Other noted High PeaksThe High Peaks is a name for forty-six high mountain peaks in the Adirondack State Park in the State of New York in the USA. The number was set by the belief that it strictly included all peaks above 4,000 feet, but mistakes in the original information ca include
Algonquin (formerly Mt. McIntyre), 1570? m (5114 ft), Haystack 1510? m (4960 ft.), Skylight 1500? m (4926 ft.), Whiteface 1485 m (4871 ft), Dix 1478? m (4857 ft.), and Giant 1400? m (4627 ft).Forty-six of the tallest mountains are considered "the 46" peaks over 4000 ft (1,219 m), thanks to a survey done around the start of the 20th century. Since then, better surveys (and perhaps erosion) have shown that four of these peaks ( Blake Peak , Cliff & Nye , and Couchsachraga ) are in fact just under 4000 ft (1,219 m), and one peak just over 4000 ft (1,219 m). ( McNaughton ) was overlooked.
There are many fans of the Adirondak mountains who make an effort to climb all of the original 46 mountains (and most go on to climb McNaughton as well), and there is a 46ers club for those who have successfully reached each of these peaks. 20 of the 46 remain trailless to this day, so climbing them requires bushwhacking and following herd paths to the top.
These mountains, consisting of various sorts of gneissGneiss is a common and widely distributed rock type formed by high grade regional metamorphic processes from preexisting formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks. Gneissic rocks are coarsely laminated and largely recrystallized, intrusive graniteGranite is a common and widely-occurring group of intrusive felsic igneous rocks that form at great depths and pressures under continents. Granite consists of orthoclase and plagioclase feldspars, quartz, hornblende, biotite, muscovite and minor accessory and gabbroGabbro is a dark, coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock chemically equivalent to basalt. It is a plutonic rock, formed when molten magma is trapped beneath the Earth's surface and cools slowly into a hard, coarsely crystalline mass. It is dense, greenish, have been formed partly by faulting but mainly by erosionErosion is the displacement of solids ( soil, mud, rock, and so forth) by the agents of wind, water, ice, or movement in response to gravity. Although the processes may be simultaneous, erosion is to be distinguished from weathering, which is the decompos, the lines of which have been determined by the presence of faults or the presence of relatively soft rocks. Lower PalaeozoicThe Palaeozoic is a major division of the geologic timescale, one of four geologic eras. The division of time into eras, the largest division of geologic time, dates to the 18th Century. The Palaeozoic includes six geologic periods; from oldest to younges strata lap up on to the crystalline rocks on all sides of the mountain group. The region is rich in magnetic iron ores, which though mined for many years are not yet fully developed (Is this still true?). Other mineralMinerals are natural compounds formed through geological processes. The term "mineral" encompasses not only the material's chemical composition but also the mineral structures. Minerals range in composition from pure elements and simple salts to very comp products are graphite, garnet used as an abrasive, pyrite and zinc ore. There is also a great quantity of Titanium, which was mined extensively.
The mountains form the water-parting between the Hudson and the St. Lawrence rivers. On the south and south-west the waters flow either directly into the Hudson, which rises in the centre of the group, or else reach it through the Mohawk River. On the north and east the waters reach the St. Lawrence by way of Lakes George and Champlain, and on the west they flow directly into that stream or reach it through Lake Ontario. The most important streams within the area are the Hudson, Black, Oswegatchie , Grass, Raquette, Saranac and Ausable rivers.
The region was once covered, with the exception of the higher summits, by the Laurentian glacier , whose erosion, while perhaps having little effect on the larger features of the country, has greatly modified it in detail, producing lakes and ponds, whose number is said to exceed 1300, and causing many falls and rapids in the streams. Among the larger lakes are the Upper and Lower Saranac, Big and Little Tupper, Schroon, Placid, Long, Raquette and Blue Mountain. The region known as the Adirondack Wilderness, or the Great North Woods, embraces between 13,000 km2 and 16,000 km2 (5000 and 6000 square miles) of mountain, lake, plateau and forest, which for scenic grandeur is almost unequalled in any other part of the United States.
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