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"Aelia" is derived from the emperor's family name, and "Capitolina" from that of Jupiter Capitolinus, to whom a temple was built on the site of the Jewish temple. The establishment of Aelia Capitolina resulted in the failed Bar Kokhba's revolt of 132- 135.
This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopędia Britannica. 1911 Britannica
geography stubs
http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Aelia_Capitolina.html
Ancient Jewish Roman history Roman towns and cities Jerusalem