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Some eminent scholars in the field of Albanian language have been Johann Georg von Hahn , Franz Bopp, Gustav Meyer , Norbert Jokl, Eqrem Çabej , Stuart Edward Mann , Carlo Tagliavini , Wacław Cimochowski , Eric Pratt Hamp and Agnija Desnickaja .
| Albanian (Shqip) | |
|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Albania, Serbia and Montenegro, Republic of Macedonia, Greece, Italy, and other countries |
| Region: | Eastern Europe |
| Total speakers: | 8 million |
| Ranking: | (Not in top 100) |
| Genetic classification: | Indo-European Albanian |
| Official status | |
| Official language of: | Albania, KosovoKosovo and Metohija ( Serbian: Albanian: Kosova , usually called just Kosovo is an autonomous province of Serbia (which together with Montenegro constitutes Serbia and Montenegro). It is currently administered by the United Nations following the recent Ko, Republic of Macedonia |
| Regulated by: | - |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639ISO 639 is one of several international standards that lists short codes for language names. ISO 639 consists of different parts, of which two parts are currently published. The other parts are works in progress. Parts of ISO 639 There are two items for I-1 | sq |
| ISO 639-2 | sqi |
| SIL | ALS, ALN, AAE, AAT |
| Linguasphere | 55-A |
The oldest known Albanian printed book, Meshari [1] or missal, was written by Gjon BuzukuGjon Buzuku ( 16th century) was an Albanian Catholic clergyman who wrote the first known printed book in Albanian. Gjon Buzuku came from North Albania. He probably lived in or near Venice. There are claims that he was the bishop of two dioceses in North A, a Catholic cleric, in 1555. The first Albanian school is believed to have been opened by Franciscans in 1638 in Pdhanë .
Albanian was proved to be an Indo-European language in the 1850s, that is thought by some to derive principally from either the Illyrian languages or the Dacian language, both spoken in the south-eastern Europe two millennia ago, and forms part of no known wider sub-group within the Indo-European family.
There are two principal dialects of limited mutual intelligibility: Tosk and Gheg. The geographical border of the two dialects has traditionally been the Shkumbini River in Albania, with Gheg being spoken north of the river, and Tosk south of the river. The two dialects have phonological as well as lexicological differences. Tosk is spoken in southern and central Albania, by the Arbëreshë of Italy, among the Albanian minority of Greece: the Çam and the Arvanites, and in small communities of Albanian immigrants in Ukraine, Turkey, Egypt, and United States. Gheg (or Geg) is spoken in northern Albania and by the Albanians of Serbia and Montenegro (including the province of Kosovo) as well as those of the Republic of Macedonia. Since after World War II there have been efforts to standardize on one dialect called Standard or Literary Albanian that borrows most heavily from the Tosk dialect. Two books that were published in the 1970s, Drejtshkrimi i gjuhës shqipe and Fjalori drejtshkrimor i gjuhës shqipe, contained prescribed orthographical rules and dictionary definitions respectively.
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