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Anti-globalization (globalisation) is a political stance of opposition to perceived negative aspects of globalization. The corresponding movement is known widely as the anti-globalization movement, and is a largely grassroots effort, with support from some intellectual elites. Many regard the term "anti-globalization" as a misnomer, and see this as a tag meant to somewhat discredit the movement; in fact, many of the people involved in the anti-globalization movement do support closer ties between the various peoples and cultures of the world (in particular, they often show solidarity with peoples worldwide they consider oppressed and campaign for asylum and immigration rights), and they are opposed only to capitalist globalization. This is why they tend to use more nuanced terms to describe their movement, such as anti- capitalist, anti- corporate or alternative globalization (see Alter-globalization). 1 Overview
The anti-globalization movement developed in the late twentieth century to combat the globalization of corporate economic activity and all exploitation of developing nations that could result from such activity. Those in the anti-globalization movement generally try to promote awareness for human rights NGOs, advocate socialist or social democratic alternatives to capitalist economicsEconomics is the social science studying how society uses its limited resources to meet desires and wants. Put otherwise, economics studies what, how and for whom society produces. This involves analyzing the production, distribution and consumption of go, and seek to protect the public interestPublic interest is a term used to denote political movements and organizations that are in the public interest supporting general public and civic causes, in opposition of private and corporate ones (particularistic goals). The public interest can also me and the world's ecosystemIn ecology, an ecosystem is a community of organisms (plant, animal and other living organisms also referred as biocenose) together with their environment (or biotope), functioning as a unit. The term ecosystem first appeared in a 1935 publication by the from what they believe to be the damaging effects of globalization.
Anti-globalizationists sometimes consider themselves to be marginalized by mainstream media and governmentA government is an organization that has the power to make and enforce laws for a certain territory. There are several definitions on what exactly constitutes a government. The government has been defined as the dominant decision-making arm (the policy els because of their strongly "anti-business" views; most media across the world is owned by wealthy individuals or large corporations, who are believed by activists to have conflicting interests with the rest of society.
2 Anti-globalization movement
Although adherents of the movement often work together, the movement itself is heterogeneousA heterogeneous compound, mixture, or other such object is one that consists of many different items. It is the antonym of homogeneous, which means that the object consists of many identical items. It is often used in a scientific or mathematical context. and includes diverse, sometimes opposing, understandings of the globalization process, alternative visions, strategies and tactics.
In preference to "anti-globalization", participants may use the positive terms global justice or fair-tradeFair trade equitable trade is a term used broadly by social justice, peace movement, ecology movement, and Green Movement groups, to contrast with 'unfair' trade practices, and sometimes with free trade as promoted by the World Trade Organization and NAFT movement, Global Justice and Solidarity Movement (GJ&SM), Movement of Movements or simply The Movement, and use slogans like "globalize justice" and "globalize liberation."
Some factions of the movement reject globalization as such, but the overwhelming majority of its participants are aligned with movements of indigenous people, human rights NGO's, green movements, or such non-capitalist political movements as socialism, anarchism, and communism. Some activists in the movement have objected not to capitalism or international markets as such but rather to what they claim to be the non- transparent and undemocratic mechanisms of capitalism, and the negative consequences of unregulated globalization. They are especially opposed to "globalization abuse" ( neoliberalism), and international institutions that are perceived to promote neoliberalism without regard to ethical standards, such as the World Bank (WB), International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) and " free trade" treaties like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), the Multilateral Agreement on Investments (MAI) and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
Activists often also oppose business alliances like the World Economic Forum (WEF), the Trans Atlantic Business Dialogue (TABD) and the Asia Pacific Economic Forum (APEC), as well as the governments which promote such agreements or institutions. Others argue that, if borders are opened to capital, borders should be similarly opened to allow free and legal circulation and choice of residence for migrants and refugees. These activists tend to target organizations such as the International Organization for Migration and the Schengen Information System.
It is also worth noting that many nationalist movements, such as the French National Front, are also against globalization. However, they are not part of the anti-globalization movement as such, and they are usually rejected by anti-globalization activists. The overwhelming majority of the anti-globalization movement tends to adopt left-wing approaches.
