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Antoine Jerome Balard ( September 30, 1802 - April 30, 1876), was a French chemist, and the discoverer of bromine.Born at Montpellier, he started as an apothecary, but taking up teaching he acted as chemical assistant at the faculty of sciences of his native town, and then became professor of chemistry at the royal college and school of pharmacy and at the faculty of sciences. In 1826 he discovered in sea-water a substance which he recognized as a previously unknown element and named "bromine."
This achievement brought him the reputation that secured his election as successor to Louis Jacques Thénard in the chair of chemistry at the faculty of sciences in Paris, and in 1851 he was appointed professor of chemistry at the College de France, where he had MPE Berthelot first as pupil, then as assistant and finally as colleague. He died in Paris.
While the discovery of bromine and the preparation of many of its compounds was his most conspicuous piece of work, Balard was an industrious chemist on both the pure and applied sides. In his researches on the bleaching compounds of chlorine he was the first to advance the view that bleaching-powder is a double compound of calcium chloride and hypochlorite; and he devoted much time to the problem of economically obtaining soda and potash from seawater, though here his efforts were nullified by the discovery of the much richer sources of supply afforded by the Stassfurt deposits. In organic chemistryOrganic chemistry is the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of organic compounds. Organic nomenclature Organic nomenclature is the system established for naming and grouping organic compounds. Aliphatic co he published papers on the decomposition of ammonium oxalate, with formation of oxamic acid, on amyl alcoholThere are eight isomers of amyl alcohol (CHOH): normal amyl alcohol CH. OH, isobutyl carbinol or isoamyl alcohol (CH). CHOH, active amyl alcohol (CH)(CH):CH. CHOH, tertiary butyl carbinol (CH)C. CHOH, diethyl carbinol (CH)CH. OH, methyl (n) propyl carbino, on the cyanideA cyanide is any chemical compound that contains the group C≡N, with the carbon atom triple bonded to the nitrogen atom. Inorganic cyanides contain the highly toxic cyanide ion C N- and are the salts of the acid hydrogen cyanide ( HCN). Organic cyans, and on the difference in constitution between nitric and sulphuric etherFor ether in physics and philosophy, see Aether. For the Book of Mormon Prophet Ether see Book of Ether. Ether is the trivial name for the compound diethyl ether CHCHOCHCH; the systematic ( IUPAC) name of the compound is ethoxyethane . Alchemist Raymundus.
This entry was originally from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Balard, Antoine Jérôme
Balard, Antoine Jérôme
