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| Arabic (عربية `Arabiyya) | |
|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, SyriaThe Syrian Arab Republic is a country in Southwest Asia, bordering (from south to north) on Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iraq and Turkey. The border with Israel is subject to dispute, pending the resolution of outstanding conflicts over possession of the Gola, TunisiaTunisia is a Muslim Arab country situated on the North African Mediterranean coast. It borders on Algeria to the west and Libya to the south and east. El-joumhouriyya et-Tounisiyya Official language Arabic Capital Tunis President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali P, United Arab EmiratesThe United Arab Emirates is an oil-rich desert country situated in the south-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia, comprising seven emirates: Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al-Qaiwain. Before 1971, they were, YemenThe Republic of Yemen is a country in the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia, and is a part of the Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia. History Main article: History of Yemen The ancient Greek by a majority, many other countries as a minority language |
| Region: | Arab worldThe Arab world comprises 22 countries stretching from Morocco in the west to Oman in the east. They have a combined population of 300 million people and their combined economies surpass $1 trillion annually. The majority of people in Arab countries profes |
| Total speakers: | 225 million ( EthnologueThe Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages to provide missionaries fo, native speakers of all dialects) |
| RankingThis page tries to present a list of languages by total native speakers . Note, however, that lists such as this may vary somewhat depending upon the definition given to certain terms. In particular, the exact difference between " dialect" and " language": | 4th by first language (if substituted into the Ethnologue table as a single language)
Joint 7th including second language ( British CouncilThe British Council is a partly UK Government-funded cultural relations organisation and a registered charity in the UK. It aims to build mutually beneficial cultural and educational relationships between people in the UK and in other countries, and incre) |
| Genetic classification: | Afro-Asiatic Semitic |
| Official status | |
| Official language of: | Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen
International organizations: United Nations, Arab League, Organization of Islamic Conference, African Union |
| Regulated by: | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | ar |
| ISO 639-2 | ara |
| SIL | ABV |
| Linguasphere | 12-AAC |
Arabic is a Semitic language, fairly closely related to, for instance, the Hebrew language and the Aramaic language, spoken throughout the Arab world and widely known outside it. It has been a literary language for over 1500 years, and is the liturgical language of Islam.
The expression "Arabic" may refer either to literary Arabic or to the many spoken varieties of Arabic; Arabs tend to view the latter as dialects of the former, and consider literary Arabic as the standard language. Literary Arabic, al-lugatu-l-ʿarabīyatu-l-fuṣḥā (Literally: the pure Arabic language—اللغة العربية؛الفصحى) is both the language of present-day media across North Africa and the Middle East (from Morocco to Iraq) and the language of the Qur'an. (The expression media here includes most television and radio, and all written matter, including all books, newspapers, magazines, documents of every kind, and reading primers for small children.) "Colloquial" or "dialectal" Arabic refers to the many national or regional dialects/languages derived from Classical Arabic, spoken daily across North Africa and the Middle East, which constitute the everyday spoken language. These sometimes differ enough to be mutually incomprehensible. These dialects are not frequently written, although a certain amount of literature (particularly plays and poetry) exists in many of them, notably Egypt and Lebanon. They are often used to varying degrees in informal spoken media, such as soap operas and chat shows.
The term Modern Standard Arabic is sometimes used in the West to refer to the language of the media as opposed to the language of "Classical" Arabic literature; Arabs make no such distinction, and regard the two as identical.
It is sometimes difficult to translate Islamic concepts, and concepts specific to Arab culture, without using the original Arabic terminology. The Qur'an is expressed in Arabic and traditionally Muslims deem it impossible to translate in a way that would adequately reflect its exact meaning—indeed, until recently, some schools of thought maintained that it should not be translated at all. A list of Islamic terms in Arabic covers those terms which are too specific to translate in one phrase. While Arabic is strongly associated with Islam (and is the language of salah), it is also spoken by Arab Christians, Oriental Jews, and indeed Iraqi Mandaeans; and, of course, the vast majority of the world's Muslims do not actually speak it; they only know some fixed phrases of Arabic, as used in Islamic prayer.
The English word algorithm is derived from the name of the inventor of algebra—an Arabic word like alchemy, alcohol, azimuth, nadir, and zenith. See a List of English words of Arabic origin. Arabic numerals are what we use in English— though they originated in India. Spanish is the European language with the most borrowings from Arabic.
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