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The main island has an approximate land area of 510 km2, and is 42 kilometres long. It is notable for its steep cliffs and rugged terrain, which rises to over 600 metres. Prominent peaks include Cavern Peak (650 M), Mount Raynal (635 m), Mount D'Urville (630 m), Mount Easton (610 m), and the Tower of Babel (550 m).
The southern end of the island broadens to a width of 26 kilometres. Here, a narrow channel known as Carnley Harbour (on some maps the Adams Straits) separates the main island from Adams Island (area approximately 100 km2), which is even more mountainous, reaching a height of 660 m with Mount Dick. The channel is the remains of the crater of an extinct volcano, and Adams Island and the southern part of the main island form the crater rim.
There are numerous other smaller islands in the group, notably Disappointment Island (10 kilometres northwest of the main island) and Enderby Island (1000 metres off the northern tip of the main island), each covering less than 500 hectares.
Many inlets are sharply incised into the main island, notably Port Ross in the northern end of the island.
The islands were discovered by Capt. Abraham Bristow in 1806, and claimed by Great Britain the following year. They were visited by the explorers Dumont D'Urville in 1839, and James Clark Ross the following year.
Now uninhabited, they saw an unsuccessful settlement in the mid-19th century. An attempt to set up a community based on agriculture and whaling was proposed by Charles Enderby in 1846, and a settlement was established at Port Ross in 1850. It was abandoned only two years later.
The Auckland Islands were included in the extended boudaries of New Zealand by the Imperial Parliament in 1863.
The rocky coasts of the island have proven disastrous for several ships. The Grafton was wrecked off the coast of the islands in 1864, and in 1866, one of New Zealand's most famous shipwrecks, that of the General Grant occurred on the western coast. Several unsuccessful attempts have been made to salvage cargo from the General Grant, which is believed to have been carrying bullion. A further maritime tragedy occurred in 1907, with the loss of the Dundonald and twelve crew off Disappointment Island. Because of the high probability of wrecks around the islands, supplies were kept in a depot at Port Ross.
The Auckland Islands were at one time during the 1940sCenturies: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s Years: 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 Events and trends Technology First nuclear bomb First cruise missile, the the location of a New Zealand meteorologicalMeteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting. Meteorological phenomena are observable weather events which illuminate and are explained by the science of meteorology. Those events are bound by the station, but this was closed down after only a few years.
By the 21st century20th century 21st century 22nd century other centuries) Definition In calendars based on the Christian Era or Common Era, such as the Gregorian calendar, the 21st century is the current century, as of this writing, lasting from 2001- 2100. The 21st centur the islands had become the chief breeding place of the New Zealand Sea LionThe New Zealand Sea Lion Phocarctos hookeri or "Hooker's Sea Lion" is a species of sea lion that breeds around the coast of the South Island of New Zealand and Stewart Island, to some extent, and to a greater extent around much smaller islands further sou.
Wise's New Zealand Guide (4th ed.) (1969). Dunedin: H. Wise & Co. (N.Z.) Ltd.
Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives of New Zealand (1863, Session III Oct-Dec) (A5)
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