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BP (formerly British Petroleum and Amoco) is a petroleum company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. BPAmoco was formed in December 1998 by what was officially described as the merger of British Petroleum and Amoco to avoid competition issues. However after one year of joint operations, the two giants merged most operations and took on the initialism "BP," using the tagline "Beyond Petroleum."
In 2002 they became officially BP, with the letters officially meaning nothing. BP also acquired Arco around the time they "merged" with Amoco. Arco was once the Atlantic Richfield Oil Company. Previously (mid-1970s) British Petroleum had acquired Standard Oil of Ohio or Sohio.
Most Amoco gas stations in the United States are in the process of changing the look and name to British Petroleum. However in some states, the buildings and pumps are changing to BP, but the signage is staying Amoco.
It is speculated that Arco stations may soon be rebranded BP, but retain their unique business practices. Arco is also attached to the Convience Store AMPM which was included in the acquisition by BP.
In May 1901 William Knox D'Arcy was granted a concession by the Shah of Persia to search for oil, which he found in May 1908. This was the first commercially significant find in the Middle East. In 1909 the Anglo-Persian Oil Company was created to exploit this find. The company grew slowly until World War I when its strategic importance led the British Government to acquire a controlling interest in the company and it became the Royal Navy's chief source of fuel oil during World War I.
In 1917, the war allowed it to take the British arm of the German Europaische Union, which used the trade name British Petroleum. After the war ended the company, in which the British Government now had a 51% interest, moved to secure outlets in Europe and elsewhere. but its main concern was still Persia, following the Anglo-Persian Agreement of 1919 the company continued to trade profitably in that country.
There was growing dissent within Persia however at the 'imperialist' and unfair position that APOC occupied. In 1932 the Shah terminated the APOC concession. The concession was resettled within a year, covering a reduced area with an increase in the Persian government's share of profits. Persia was renamed IranIran ( Persian: ) is a Middle Eastern country located in southwestern Asia that until 1935 was referred to in the West as Persia''. It borders Pakistan (909km of border) and Afghanistan (936km) to the east, Turkmenistan (1000km) to the northeast, the Casp in 1936 and APOC became AIOC, the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company.
Following the turmoil of World War IIWorld War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the world's nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. The war was fough, AIOC and the Iranian government resisted nationalist pressure to come to a renewed deal in 1949. In March 1951, the pro-western Prime Minister Ali Razmara was assassinated and in April, a bill was passed nationalising the oil industry and the AIOC and the Shah were forced to leave the country.
The AIOC took its case against the nationalisation to the International Court of JusticeThe International Court of Justice (known colloquially as the World Court is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. Established in 1945, its main functions are to settle disputes submitted to it by states and to give advisory opinions on lega at The HagueThis article is about the city in the Netherlands; there is also a region known as (the) Hague in France. The Hague ( Dutch: Den Haag or officially 's-Gravenhage is the administrative capital of the Netherlands, located in the west of the country, in the, but lost the case. However the governments of Britain and the US were concerned about the encroachment of Soviet influence in the area and acted to install a friendlier government in Iran. They chose General Fazlollah ZahediMuhammad Fazlollah Zahedi . Iranian general and politician ( 1897- 1963). Son of Abol Hassan "Bassir Diwan" Zahedi, a wealthy land owner at the city of Hamedan, Fazlollah Zahedi was appointed general of the Iranian army at the age of 25. During his servic as a more suitable prime minister of Iran.
On August 19, 1953, the incumbent Prime Minister, Mohammed Mossadeq, was forced from office and replaced by Zahedi and the Shah was recalled. The AIOC became The British Petroleum Company in 1954, and briefly resumed operations in Iran with a forty percent share in an new international consortium. BP continued to operate in Iran until the Islamic RevolutionAncient history The ancient nation of Iran was historically known to the West as Persia until March 21, 1935 (see also History of Persia, History of Levant). Once a major empire in its own right, it has been overrun frequently and has had its territory al. However, due to a large investment program outside Iran, the company survived the loss of its Iranian interests at that time.
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