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Bali is an Indonesian island. It is located in a chain with Java to the west and Lombok to the east. The island is a popular tourist destination and known, along with Java, for its individual style of music, especially that played on the gamelan.
Bali is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands, 145 km long and 80 km wide, 3.2 km east of Java. It lies about 8 degrees south of the equator. Its surface is 5,700 km˛. The highest point of the island is Mount Agung , 3,142 m high, an active volcano that last erupted in March 1963. Mountains range from the central to the eastern side of the island with Mount Agung being the easternmost peak.
The principal cities are the northern port of Singaraja and the capital, Denpasar, near the southern coast. The town of Ubud (north of Denpasar), with its art market, museums and galleries, is regarded as the cultural center of Bali.
In the south the land descends to form an alluvial plain, watered by shallow rivers, dry in the dry season and overflowing whenever there are periods of heavy rains.
Its 3 million population is mainly (about 90%) Hindu, but a very small part is Muslim (the fishers on the coast).
The main tourist locations are the town of Kuta (along with its accompanying beach), Sanur, Jimbaran and the newer development of Nusa Dua . The Ngurah Rai International Airport is located near Jimbaran, on the isthmus joining the southernmost part of the island to the main part of the island.
There are no railway lines on the island. There are major coastal roads as well as roads that cross the island mainly in a north-south manner. Due to the slope of the mountainous terrain in the island's center, the roads tend to follow the crests of the ridges across the mountains.
The island is surrounded by coral reefs. Beaches in the south tend to have white sand while those in the north tend to have black sand.
Most of the Balinese people are involved in agriculture, primarily that of rice cultivation. Other crops such as fruits, vegetables and other cash crops are also grown, although in smaller amounts. A significant number of Balinese are also fishermen. Bali is also famous for its artisans who produce batikBatik by Janet Whitehead Batik is a wax-resist dyeing technique used on fabric. Batik is found in several countries. The island of Java in Indonesia is famous for its batik. Melted wax is applied to cloth before being dipped in dye. Wherever the wax has s and ikatweaving Ikat is a style of weaving that uses a tie-dye process on either the warp or weft before the threads are woven to create a pattern or design. A Double Ikat is when both the warp and the weft are tie-dyed before weaving. Ikat" means "tied" or "boun cloth and clothing, wooden carvings, stone carvings and silverware.
The Balinese people are descendants of a prehistoric race who migrated through mainland Asia to the Indonesian archipelago , presumably first settling around 2500 BC. The end of prehistoric period in Indonesia was marked by the arrival of the Hindu people arriving from India around 100 BCCenturies: 2nd century BC 1st century BC 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 105 BC 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC 100 BC 99 BC 98 BC 97 BC 96 BC 95 BC Events Tigranes II of Armenia is placed on Arme as determined by BrahmiBrahmi refers to the pre-modern members of the Brahmic family of scripts. The earliest inscriptions in this script have been found in Sri Lanka dating back to 600-500 BC. More profuse inscriptions in Brahmi are the rock-cut edicts of Ashoka, c. 3rd centur inscriptions on potsherds.
The name Balidwipa has been discovered from various inscriptions, among others the Blanjong charter which was issued by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 913Events The city of Kassel in Germany was first mentioned. Lando succeeds Anastasius III as pope Accession of Hou Liang Mo Di of the Later Liang dynasty, one of the five short-lived would-be dynasties during the Chinese era of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdo AD and mentions the word "Walidwipa".
The Hindu Majapahit ( 1293Events May 20 King Sancho IV of Castile creates the Study of General Schools of Alcala. Births Deaths 1293.– 1520 AD) empire on Eastern Java founded a Balinese colony in 1343. The Majapahit empire collapsed slightly before 1500, due to Muslim assaults, causing an exodus to Bali.
Europeans first discovered the island when the Dutch explorer Cornelis de Houtman arrived in 1597, though a Portuguese ship had foundered off the coast of Bukit as early as 1585. The Dutch established a trade post soon after, and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) started trading from early 17th century onwards. Dutch control of the island was firmly established after a series of colonial wars ( 1846– 1849).
These wars were so fierce (with the entire royal court of the Raja, women and children plunged into battle, armed with kris and spears, killing each other on the battlefield rather than be taken captive) that the Dutch governors afterwards exercised a lenient control, showing great respect for and protecting the local religion and culture.
International tourism started in the 1920s. Bali's beaches are famous worldwide. Its arts and crafts are also popular. A popular form of Balinese art is folk dance, of which there are many, Legong being an example of such.
Bali became part of the Republic of East Indonesia after the World War II Japanese conquest and part of United States of Indonesia in 1948.
On October 12, 2002, the island was the location of a car bomb attack aimed at Western tourists.
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