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The Baltic Shield is divided into five provinces: the Svecofennian and Sveconorwegian (or Southwestern gneiss) provinces in Scandinavia, and the Karelian, Belmorian and Kola provinces in Russia. The latter three are divided further into several blocks and complexes and contain the oldest of the rocks, at 2500-3100 Ma (million years) old. The youngest rocks belong to the Sveconorwegian province, at 900-1700 Ma old. Sometimes included as part of the Baltic Shield is the East European Platform (or Russian Platform), an area of western Russia covered by 3 km of sedimentary rock.

Thought to be formerly part of an ancient continent, the Baltic Shield grew in size through collisions with neighbouring crustal fragments. The mountains created by this tectonic processes have since been eroded to their bases, the region being largely flat today. Through five successive Pleistocene glaciations and subsequent retreats, the Baltic Shield has been scoured clean of its overlying sediments, leaving expansive areas (most within Scandinavia) exposed. It is therefore of importance to geophysicists studying the geologic history and dynamics of eastern Europe.

The scouring and compression of the Baltic Shield by glacialA glacier is a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity. Equivalently, it is a multi-year ice accretion in mountainous terrain. The glacier fringe is the area where the glacier has recently melted. There are movements created the area's many lakes and streams, the land retaining only a thin layer of sandy sediment collected in depressions: Vast forests of pine dominate, clearly demarcating its boundaries.

The Baltic Shield yields important industrial mineralMinerals are natural compounds formed through geological processes. The term "mineral" encompasses not only the material's chemical composition but also the mineral structures. Minerals range in composition from pure elements and simple salts to very comps and oreAn ore is a mineral deposit containing a metal or other valuable resource in economically viable concentrations. Usually, it is used in the context of a mineral deposit from which it is economical to extract its metallic component. Ores are mined. Ore bods, such as those of ironThis article is about metallic iron. For the ironing device, see ironing manganese iron cobalt Fe Ru Full table General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metal Group, Period, Block 8 (VIIIB), 4 , d Density, Hardness 7874 kg/m3,, nickelThis article is about the element nickel. See also nickel (U. coin) and nickel (Canadian coin). Nickel is a metallic chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. Notable characteristics Nickel is silvery white metal, copperCopper is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. Notable characteristics Copper is a reddish-coloured metal, with a high electrical and thermal conductivity (among pure metals at room temperature, only silver and platinum groupThe platinum group or platinum family is a group of six metal elements with similar physical and chemical properties. The family consists of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum. These transition metals occupy the rectangular area metals. Because of its similarity to the Canadian ShieldThe Canadian Shield is a large geographic area in eastern and central Canada, composed of bare rock dating to the Precambrian Era (between 4. 5 billion and 540 million years ago). It is also called the Precambrian Shield or Laurentian Shield or Laurentian and cratons of southern Africa and Western Australia, the Baltic Shield had long been a suspected source of diamond and gold. Recent exploration by De Beers and others has revealed a significant number of diamond-bearing kimberlites in the Kola Peninsula, and (possibly extensive) deposits of gold in Finland. In Sweden, Alcaston Diamond NL is presently conducting a diamond exploration project, claiming some 9,550 square kilometres.

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Baltic SeaThe Baltic Sea is in northeastern Europe, bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of east and central Europe, and the Danish islands. It drains into the Kattegat and the North Sea by way of the Oresund, the Great Belt and the Small Belt. It is Baltic languagesThe Baltic languages form one branch of the Indo-European language family. In this group there are two extant languages: the East-Baltic Latvian and Lithuanian, and many extinct languages, including the West-Baltic Old Prussian and Curonian. Prussian was BalticBaltic can refer to: The Baltic Sea Council of the Baltic Sea States an intergovernmental organization Baltic sea countries countries with access to the Baltic Sea The term Baltic countries is sometimes used more or less synonymously for Northern Europe ( Baltic stateThe Baltic states or Baltic countries is a term which usually refers to three countries to the East of the Baltic Sea: Estonia Latvia Lithuania It ought to be noted that although the present-day Baltic countries are republics, the term Baltic Republics re Baltic RepublicsThe term Baltic Republics referred to the three Soviet Republics of Estonian SSR, Latvian SSR, and Lithuanian SSR. The independent states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, who had gained sovereignty in 1918, were annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940. After Baltic GermanThe Baltic Germans calling themselves Balts and occasionally referred to as German Balts Baltendeutsche, Balten and Deutschbalten respectively), were the ethnically German inhabitants of that area on the Eastern shore of the Baltic Sea which forms today t Baltic, South Dakota Baltic, Ohio Baltic Sea countries Baltic countries Baltic region Baltic obsolete racial classification Baltic Shield Baltic Defence College Baltic Squid