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O. basilicum
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Basil (Ocimum basilicum, Lamiaceae) is also known as Albahaca, St. Joseph's Wort, and Sweet Basil. It is a tender annual herbA herb (pronounced "urb" in American English and "hurb" in British English) is a plant grown for culinary or medicinal value. Typically, the green, leafy part of the plant is used. General usage differs between culinary herbs and medicinal herbs. A medici.
Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum = O. tenuiflorum) is a sacred herb in IndiaThe Republic of India is a large multicultural country in South Asia, with a population of over one billion. The Indian economy is the fourth largest in the world, in terms of purchasing power parity, and is the world's second-fastest growing economy. but is not much used for culinary purposes there. Known as Tulasi, the plant is worshipped as dear to VishnuVishnu is an aspect of God, or Brahman, whom Hindus pray to. He is the second God of the Trimurti (also called the Hindu Trinity), along with Brahma and Shiva. Known as the Preserver he is most famously identified with his avatars, or incarnations of God, in some sects of VaishnavismVaishnavism is the branch of Hinduism in which Vishnu or one of his avatars (i. incarnations) is worshipped as the supreme God. Major branches of Vaishnavism include Srivaishnavism, (espoused by Ramanuja) who advocated Vishishtadvaita, Dvaita (espoused by. A tea made from the leaves is used as a remedy for cold in India. Also known as Thai basil, it is a very common ingredient in Thai cuisine with a strong flavor similar to aniseed, which used to flavor curries and stir-fries.
The most commonly used basil varieties are sweet basil and Thai basil. Other varieties include Purple Ruffles, Mammoth, Cinnamon, Lemon, Globe, and African Blue.
Basil is a low-growing annual. It has light green silky leaves and tastes somewhat like cloves, with a strong, pungent, sweet smell. Basil is very sensitive to cold.
The word basil (fr. Gk basileus, king) means "royal". The Oxford English DictionaryThe Oxford English Dictionary (OED is a comprehensive multi-volume dictionary published by the Oxford University Press. Generally regarded as the definitive dictionary of Modern English, it defines around 500,000 headwords and includes some 2. 5 million i quotes speculations that basil may have been used in "some royal unguent, bath, or medicine".
The fresh herb can be kept for a short time in plastic bags in the refrigerator, or for a longer period in the freezer, after being blanched quickly in boiling water. Place fresh leaves in a dry jar with a pinch of salt, and cover with olive oil. The dried herb tastes utterly different, rather like curry.
Mediterranean cuisines frequently use basil, especially combined with tomato. Basil, often the 'Genovese' variety, is one of the main ingredients in pesto - an Italian sauce from the city of Genoa.
There are several varieties of basil grown in many regions of Asia. Most of the Asian basils have a clove-like flavor that is generally stronger than that of the Western basils. For example, Chinese Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is the same species of plant as its European counterpart. However they just taste a little differently. The local variety is called "九層塔" lit. "Nine-Storied Pagoda" in Chinese while imported herb is called "羅勒". If the western variety is required, a Chinese cookbook author will always use "羅勒" or "巴西里" instead of "九層塔".
Basils are very popular in Thai cuisine. Vietnamese and Chinese also use fresh or dried basils in soups and other foods. In Taiwan, people add fresh "九層塔" basil leaves to thick soups (羹湯). They also eat fried chicken with deep fried "九層塔" basil leaves.
Some culinary writers have opined that basil is the "king of herbs".
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