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Bayreuth is a town in northern Bavaria, GermanyThe Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland is one of the world's leading industrialized countries, located in the middle of the European Union. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark and the Baltic Sea, to the east, on the Red MainFor other uses, see Main (disambiguation). The Main is a river in Germany, 524 km in length, and one of the more voluminous tributaries of the Rhine river. It flows through the Bundeslander Bavaria and Hessen. Its catchment basin competes with the Danube river in a valley between the Frankish AlbThe Frankish Alb (German Frankische Alb is a mountain chain in Bavaria, Germany. It is up to 600 m high and located between the Danube in the south and the Main in the north. Large portions of the Frankish Alb are part of the Altmuhl Valley Nature Park. and the FichtelgebirgeThe Fichtelgebirge is a mountain chain in northeastern Bavaria, Germany. It extends from the valley of the Red Main River to the Czech border, where it is continued by the much higher Ore Mountains. The highest mountain is the Schneeberg (1051 m). Rivers. It is the capital of Upper Franconia. Population: 74,000 (2001).

1 History

Bayreuth was first mentioned in 1194Events November 20 Palermo falls to Henry VI, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire December 25 Henry VI is crowned king of Sicily. City of Portsmouth awarded its Royal Charter. Henry Marshal becomes Bishop of Exeter. Yellow River of China experienced a major and may have been founded by the counts of Andechs . Some sixty years later the town (at that time a tiny village) became subordinate to the HohenzollernThe Hohenzollerns are a European royal family which came to rule Brandenburg, in 1415. They ruled the Duchy of Prussia from 1525- 1701; and the Kingdom of Prussia from 1701- 1918. They ruled the German Empire from 1871- 1918. They were dethroned following state, and when this state was divided, Bayreuth belonged to the county of Kulmbach .

The turning point of the town's history was in 1603Events March 24 Death of Elizabeth I of England her cousin King James VI of Scotland succeeds her uniting the crowns of Scotland and England April 28 Funeral of Elizabeth I of England in Westminster Abbey July 17 or July 19 Sir Walter Raleigh arrested for, when the margrave of Kulmbach (in the meantime also called Brandenburg-Kulmbach) decided to move his residence to Bayreuth. The develepmont of the new capital firstly stagnated due to the Thirty Years' War, but afterwards many famous baroque buildings were added to the town. Especially during the reign of margravine Wilhelmine several parks and castles were built which constitute much of Bayreuth's present appearance.

In 1769 the last margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (or Brandenburg-Bayreuth) died without an heir, and the state was annexed by the neighbouring Ansbach. Bayreuth was no longer a state capital. Soon after it became Prussian ( 1792), French ( 1806) and finally Bavarian ( 1810).

In 1872 the composer Richard Wagner moved to Bayreuth. For the connection between Wagner and the town, see below.

Later Bayreuth became a scene of the Nazi ideology. Nazi leaders often visited the Wagner festival and tried to turn Bayreuth into a Nazi model town. Therefore Bayreuth was heavily bombed at the end of World War II.

After the war Bayreuth tried to part with its ill-fated past. The Wagner festival started again in 1951. In 1975 the Bayreuth University was founded and largely contributed to the further growth of the town.

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BayreuthBayreuth is a town in northern Bavaria, Germany, on the Red Main river in a valley between the Frankish Alb and the Fichtelgebirge. It is the capital of Upper Franconia. Population: 74,000 (2001). History Bayreuth was first mentioned in 1194 and may have Bayreuth (district)Bayreuth is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It surrounds, but does not include the city of Bayreuth. The district is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kulmbach, Hof, Wunsiedel, Tirschenreuth, Neustadt/Waldnaab, Amberg-Sulzbach, Nu Bayreuth FestspielhausThe Bayreuth Festspielhaus ( German: "Bayreuth Festival House") is an opera house located north of the town of Bayreuth in Germany, dedicated to performing the operas of Richard Wagner. It was designed and built under Wagner's supervision, and its constru Bayreuth FestivalThe annual Bayreuth Festival in Bayreuth, Germany attracts visitors from all over the world. Richard Wagner's work are performed in the Festspielhaus, which was especially built for this purpose. Wagner himself masterminded the idea of the Bayreuth Festiv Bayreuth CircleThe Bayreuth Circle was a group of extreme right wing men and women who would listen to the music of Richard Wagner at Bayreuth, Germany. The group is thought to have had an influence on Adolf Hitler's rise to power.