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The Black Speech is the fictional language of Mordor in The Lord of the Rings. Sauron created the Black Speech, as an artificial language, to be the sole language of all the servants of Mordor, replacing the many different varieties of Orkish and other languages used by his servants. Tolkien describes the language as existing in two forms, the ancient "pure" forms used by Sauron himself, the Nazgūl, and the Olog-hai, and the more "debased" form used by the soldiery of the Barad-dūr at the end of the Third Age. The only example given of "pure" Black Speech is the inscription upon the One Ring. Many Orkish dialects had adopted words from it. The Black Speech was at least in part based on Valarin.
In real life, J. R. R. Tolkien created this language with the intention of making it harsh and ugly, although people who speak the European languages that he emulated may disagree with his methods. The Black Speech is unfortunately one of the more incomplete languages in Tolkien's novels, because the forces of good refuse to utter it, as it attracts the attention of the Eye of Sauron. Unlike Elvish, there are no poems or songs written in it (apart from the Ring's inscription), and because Tolkien designed it to be unpleasant in his own eyes (or ears?), he did not enjoy writing in it. The result is a random collection of words that are hard to actually use in day-to-day conversation.
For The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy, the linguist David SaloDavid Salo is a linguist who worked on languages for The Lord of the Rings movie trilogy, expanding the Elvish language and defining some languages that previously had no words. He is a graduate student in linguistics at the University of Wisconsin, Madis used what little is known of the Black Speech to create enough of a language for use in the movies. This is usually referred to by Tolkienists as neo-Black Speech.