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| Egyptian Cattle
Extinct (New Kingdom)
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| Bos aegyptiacus Urbain, 1937 |
The Ancient Egyptian cattle Bos Aegyptiacus (name not recognized by ITIS) was a domesticated form of ox of uncertain origin. The earliest evidence of Bos aegyptiacus is from the Fayum region, dating back to the 8th millennium BC.
Unlike other species of ox, Bos aegyptiacus did not have a hump. Bos aegyptiacus had either large widespread horns, which arched first inward and then outward or shorter horns which had the same structure. According to Egyptian art Bos aegyptiacus was coloured either black, brown, brown and white, white spotted, black and white, or white.
It is uncertain as to where Bos aegyptiacus originated, as some claim that it was acquired from the LevantThe Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in Southwest Asia south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and in the east, the north Arabian Desert and Mesopotamia. The Levant does n or MesopotamiaThis is an article about the ancient middle eastern region. For the region in modern times, see Iraq, Syria. See also Mesopotamia, Ohio. Mesopotamia ( Greek: , translated from Old Persian Miyanrudan "the Land between the Rivers" or the Aramaic name Beth-N while others claim that it was domesticated from a unique North AfricaNorth Africa is the region of the continent of Africa north of the Sahara desert, comprising the Maghreb, including Libya and Egypt, and also by some definitions the Sudan. North Africa is vastly more uniform ethnically than anywhere in Africa south of thn subspecies of the Auroch. There is evidence for both sides as cattle had been domesticated in the Levant by the 8th millennium BC but excavations of early HoloceneThe Holocene Epoch is a geologic period that extends from the present back about 10,000 radiocarbon years. The beginning of the Holocene was punctuated by the Younger Dryas cold period, the final part of Pleistocene epoch. The end of the Younger Dryas has western SaharaThe Sahara is the world's largest desert, over 3,500,000 sq mi (9,065,000 sq km), located in northern Africa and is 2. 5 million years old. The whole land area of United States of America would fit inside it. Its name Sahara is the Arabic translation of t show that indigenous cattle existed previous to the 8th millennium.
Regardless, Bos aegyptiacus was of great importance to the Ancient Egyptians who put it out to pasture on land that was unfarmable, either because it was too far from the NileThe Nile ( Arabic: an-nil , in Africa, is one of the two longest rivers on Earth. Whether the Nile is longer than South America's Amazon still remains the subject of much debate. This is, for the most part, due to two reasons: first, the lengths of rivers to irrigateSahara Irrigation (in agriculture) is the replacement or supplementation of rainfall with water from another source in order to grow crops. In contrast, agriculture that relies only on direct rainfall is sometimes referred to as dryland farming. How it wo or in the Nile Delta (and thus too wet to farm). Bos aegyptiacus was used for food, milk, leather, and sacrifice. Bos aegyptiacus came to be considered so important that many Egyptian gods were considered to have the form of Bos aegyptiacus, notable deities being Hathor, Ptah (as the Apis Bull), and Ra-Atum (as the Mnevis Bull). Many Bos aegyptiacus were mummified.
During the New Kingdom the Zebu, a hump-backed cattle from Syria was introduced to Egypt and the Bos aegyptiacus seems to have slowly been replaced by this new cattle.
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