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The city was originally planned for 500,000 inhabitants, but has grown to about two million (2.016,497 est. 2000), including satellite towns and the Federal District today. Brasília known as Plano Piloto, has a population of around 200,000. Most people live in satellite towns. The population of the most important of these is as following: Taguatinga 243,000; Gama 131,000; Sobradinho 130,000; Planaltina 150,000; and Ceilândia 350,000.
Administratively, Brasília is only one of the 19 Administrative Regions of the Federal District, which has an area of 5,822 square kilometers. "Asa Sul" (South Wing), "Asa Norte" (North Wing) and the downtown area of "Plano Piloto" (Pilot Plan) are parts of it. A wider definition of Brasília" is also used to mean both the "Plano Piloto" and all satellite cities. In this case, the satellite towns, all the 19 Administrative Regions of the Federal District would be included.
Brasília is connected by highways and air to all the major cities of Brazil. There is also a railway connection with São Paulo but no passenger trains operate anymore. Distances to Goiânia are: 207 km.; Salvador: 1,531 km.; Belo Horizonte: 716 km.; and São Paulo: 1,015 km.
Brasília has a dry winter and a wet summer. During the dry season the relative humidity of the air reaches critical levels, particularly during the hottest times of the day.
The average temperature is 20.5°C. The hottest month is September, with an average high of 28°C and an average low of 16ºC. The coolest month is July, with an average high of 25ºC and an average low of 13°C. The monthly difference between the average high is around 3 degrees celsius and the average low 5 degrees celsius.
Maximum temperatures average 28ºC. During the dry season, the temperature decreases and can reach daily highs of 13ºC in July although maximum averages of 25ºC are the norm.
In education Brasília has the best indicators in the country, with a literacy rate of 93.7% according to the Human Development Index. The city has numerous secondary schools and several universities. The most important public university is the University of Brasília (UNB). The major private universities are the Universidade Católica , Universidade do Distrito Federal (UDF), Universidade dos Pioneiros Sociais (UPIS) and CEUB .
Brasília is the center of the federal government and is the location of executive, legislative, and judicial powers.
Brasília is a planned city, and was built in 41 months from 1956 till its inauguration on April 21, 1960. The construction of the city was ordered by President Juscelino Kubitschek. The main urban plannerAn urban planner in its original sense is a person who designs cities. More recently, it has come to refer to someone who plans the growth and change of existing places. See also List of urban planners Urban planning Master of Urban Planning External link was Lúcio CostaLucio Costa was a Brazilian architect and urban planner born in 1902 in Toulon, France. He was educated in England and Switzerland until 1916, graduating as an architect in 1924 from the School of Fine Art in Rio de Janeiro. Lucio Costa is known all over, chief architectAn architect is a person licensed in the art of planning, designing and overseeing the construction of buildings, or more generally, the designer of a scheme or plan. See architecture or landscape architecture Architects and landscape architects are consi of most the public buildings was Oscar NiemeyerOscar Soares Filho Niemeyer (born December 15, 1907) is a Brazilian architect who is considered one of the most important names in international modern architecture. He was a pioneer in the exploration of the constructive possibilities of reinforced concr, and landscape designer was Roberto Burle MarxAppears to be a cut-and-paste text dump from an unknown source.. The city plan was based on the ideas of Le CorbusierLe Corbusier ( October 6, 1887 August 27, 1965) was the pseudonym of Charles Edouard Jeanneret-Gris . He was an architect famous for what is now called the International style, along with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Walter Gropius, and Theo van Doesburg..
The former capital of Brazil was Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro (meaning River of January in Portuguese) is the name of both a state and a city in southeastern Brazil. The city is famous for the hotel-lined tourist beaches Copacabana and Ipanema, for the giant statue of Jesus Christ the Redeemer ("Crist, and the resources tended to center around the southeast region of Brazil. While in part the city was built because there was the need for a neutral federal capital, the main reason was to promote the development of Brazil's hinterland and better integrate the entire territory of Brazil (although some say the real reason was to move the government to a place far from the masses). Brasília is approximately at the geographical center of Brazilian territory.
The placement of the Brazil's capital in the interior actually dates to the first republican constitution of 1891, which defined where the federal district should be placed. However, it was not planned until 1922.
According to legend, in 1883 the Italian priest Dom Bosco had a prophetic dream in which he described a futuristic city that roughly fit Brasília's location. Today in Brasília there are many references to this educator who founded the Salesian order. One of the main cathedrals carries his name.
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