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British colonization of the Americas began in the late 16th century. Colonies were established in North, Central and South America and in the Caribbean, and a protectorate was established in Hawaii.
See also Colonial America.
The English established colonies along the east coast of North America from Newfoundland as far south as Florida. Initially, the name "Virginia" was applied to the entire coast, Including what is now the Canadian Maritimes and Newfoundland. Early colonies included the Jamestown Settlement founded in 1607 and the St. John's settlement in Newfoundland in 1583. as the first successful English colony in North America, as well as the Popham Colony, founded the same year in present-day Maine, which was abandoned after one year. The Cuper's Cove settlement was founded in Newfoundland in 1610. The Plymouth ColonyThe Plymouth Colony was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 until 1691. The colony was founded by a separatist Puritan sect, who obtained a land patent from the London Virginia Company in 1620 before that company was dissolved. They fou was founded in 1620, and after the 1620sCenturies: 16th century 17th century 18th century Decades: 1570s 1580s 1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s Years: 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 Events and Trends Permanent Dutch settlement of New York Bay and the Huds a series of colonies were established along the northeast coast of North America, including the Massachusetts Bay ColonyThe Massachusetts Bay Colony (sometimes called by the name Massachusetts Bay Company for the institution that founded it) was the direct predecessor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay and then the state of Massachusetts. The colony was established under, which was founded in 1632See also: 1632 (novel Events February 22 Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published July 23 300 colonists for New France depart Dieppe. November 16 Battle of Lutzen Christina becomes queen of Sweden; five regents, headed by Axe. The early colonies consisted of English farmers and gentlemen as well as some hired foreigners. See British colonial grants in North America (1621-1639)This article provides a listing and map of British colonial grants in North America during the years 1621 to 1639. Grants prior to 1621 (and not shown on the map) include the Virginia Company (the London Company and the Plymouth Company) and the Plymouth.
A number of English colonies were established under a system of Proprietary GovernorProprietary Governors were individuals authorized to govern proprietary colonies. Under the proprietary system, individuals or companies were granted commercial charters by the King of England to establish colonies. These proprietors then selected the govs who were appointed under mercantile charterAlternate use, see charter airline or bare-boat charter''. A charter is a document bestowing certain rights on a town, city, university or institution. Charters were issued in medieval times by Royal decree, perhaps giving a particular town the right to hs to English joint stock companies to found and run settlements.
There was also an early unsuccessful Scottish attempt at a colony at Darien, and the short-lived colonisation of Nova Scotia from 1629 - 1632 also by Scotland.
England also took over the Dutch colony of New Netherland (including the New Amsterdam settlement) which was renamed New York in 1664. With New Netherland the British came to control the former New Sweden which the Dutch had conquered earlier. This became part of Pennsylvania. Britain acquired the French colony of New France and the Spanish colony of Florida in 1763. New France became the Canadas.
In the north the Hudson's Bay Company actively traded for fur with the Indians, and had competed with French fur traders. The company came to control the entire drainage basin of Hudson Bay called Rupert's Land. The Hudson Bay drainage south of the 49th parallel went to the United States in 1818. Britain also colonized the west coast of North America with the colonies of Vancouver Island, founded in 1849 and New Caledonia, founded in 1846 (later combined and named British Columbia). In 1867 the colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada (the southern portion of modern-day Ontario and Quebec) combined to form modern Canada. Quebec (including what is now the southern portion of Ontario) and Nova Scotia had been conquered from the French. The colonies of Prince Edward Island, and British Columbia joined over the next six years, and Newfoundland joined in 1949. Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory were ceded to Canada in 1870. This area now consists of the provinces of Manitoba (admitted after negotiation between Canada and a Métis provisional government in 1870), Saskatchewan, and Alberta, as well as the Northwest Territories and the territory of Nunavut.
Thirteen of Britain's colonies rebelled, beginning in 1776, primarily over tax issues, and established the United States of America.| Politics | Business | Finance |
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