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The British republican movement is a movement in the United Kingdom which seeks to remove the British monarchy and replace it with a republic with an elected head of state.
The countries which became the United Kingdom were briefly ruled as a republic in the seventeenth century under Oliver Cromwell. First England was declared to be the Commonwealth of England and then Scotland, Wales and Ireland were brought under the British republic . Perhaps the main reason for a return to monarchism after Cromwell's protectorate was that a system for deciding the succession to the next leader had not been put in place.
Although the United Kingdom has since become a constitutional monarchy, there have been movements throughout the last few centuries whose aims were to remove the monarchy and establish a republican system.
Most, but not all republicans support a fully elected second chamber, and a written constitutionThe Constitution of a given organisation defines its form, structure, activities, character, and fundamental rules. To view particular constitutions, refer to the list of national constitutions. The term comes from Latin constitutio which referred to any, and favour removing the remaining hereditary peers in the House of LordsThis article is about the British House of Lords. See also the historical Irish House of Lords. The House of Lords is a component of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also includes the Sovereign and the British House of Commons. The House of Lor and all forms of hereditary privilege.
Objections to the monarchy are often based on what republicans believe is the anachronisticAn anachronism (from Greek ana back, and chronos time) is an artifact that belongs to another time, a person who seems to be displaced in time (i. who belongs to another age) or something located at a time when it could not have existed or occurred. One o system of choosing a head of state by birth, rather than merit or election, which republicans view as being in conflict with democracyA democracy is a form of government under which the power to alter the laws and structures of government lies with the voting citizenry (referred to as "the people", because in modern times it usually consists of all people over 18 years of age), and all.
The most recent movement is led by Republic, the Campaign for an Elected Head of State.
The monarchy is still largely popular, but a sizeable minority of the British public are opposed to it, opinion polls in recent years putting support for an elected head of state consistently around 15-30%. However, scandals involving the Queen's children, and a decline in respect for traditional institutions, have led to a gradual shift in attitudes over the years. Websites are emerging such as British Republic and The Centre for Citizenship. After reaching a low point following the death of Diana, Princess of WalesDiana, Princess of Wales (Diana Frances Mountbatten-Windsor, nee Spencer) ( 1 July 1961 31 August 1997), commonly, but incorrectly, known as Princess Diana was for fifteen years the wife of HRH The Prince Charles, Prince of Wales. She was the mother of th, support for the monarchy rebounded during the celebrations for the Golden Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth IIGolden Jubilee in 2002, wearing her Canadian orders) Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary), styled HM The Queen (born April 21, 1926) is the Queen regnant and Head of State of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland an in 20022002 is a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). 2002 was the first palindromic year since 1991 and the last until 2112. 2002 was also designated: International Year of Ecotourism and Mountains National Science Year in the United Kingdom. This effect of the jubilee celebrations was however all but wiped out following the collapse of the Burrell case and allegations surrounding the household of Prince Charles.
Support for republicanism was similarly high during the later years of Queen Victoria'sVictoria (Alexandrina Victoria) ( 24 May 1819 22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. Her reign lasted more than sixty-three years—longer than any other British monarch. As well as being Queen of the reign, when she withdrew from public life following the death of her husband, Prince Albert, only to drop away after her Diamond Jubilee.
The Fabian Society published a report in July 2003 giving a number of recommendations for reform of the monarchy, but they fell short of arguing for its abolition.
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