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Home > British universities

• Ancient universities - universities founded before the 19th century
• Red Brick universities - universities founded in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
• New Universities - two categories of institutions fall within this category:
  • those created in the 1960s less often called Glass Plate universities, and
  • those created in the 1990s often called Post-1992 universities, from polytechnics.
• The Open University, founded in 1968 is Britain's only distance-learning University.

The University of London and the University of Wales are unusual in that their colleges/constituent institutions are treated as universities in their own right.

Undergraduate applications to UK state universities are managed by UCAS - the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service.

1 Funding

The vast majority of British universities are state financed, with only one private university - the University of Buckingham - where students have to pay all their fees. None of the universities are actually state-owned, however.

English and Welsh undergraduate students (and students from other EU countries) have to pay a proportion of their university fees up to a maximum of £GBP may be: the ISO currency code for the British Pound Sterling. stock symbol for Gables Residential Trust TLAs.1,150 (in 20042004 is a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 2004 calendar), and has also been designated the: International Year of Rice International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition Elections are to be held in 73 co); this is assessed on the basis of the income of the student and of the student's family. Scottish students have their fees paid by the Student Awards Agency for Scotland . Students are partially supported by a state-provided loan, a portion of which is also means-tested. Students in ScotlandScotland or in Scottish Gaelic, Alba is a country and former independent kingdom of northwest Europe, and one of the four nations comprising the United Kingdom. Scotland occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Scotland took part in a p, WalesFor alternate meanings, see Wales (disambiguation Wales ( Welsh: Cymru pronounced /"k@mrI/ SAMPA, km IPA, 'Kumree' approximate pronunciation) is one of the four nations comprising the United Kingdom (the other three being England, Scotland and Northern Ir, and Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland is the smallest of the Home Nations of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland lies in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It covers 14,139 square kilometres (5,459 square miles), and has a populati are also eligible for a means-tested grant, and many universities provide bursaries to poorer students. International students are not subsidised by the state and so have to pay much higher fees similar to those paid at Ivy LeagueThe Ivy League is an association of eight American universities, named for the ivy plants traditionally covering their older buildings. The term "Ivy League" has connotations of academic excellence as well as a certain amount of elitism. These schools are universities in the USA. In principal all postgraduate students are liable for fees, though a variety of scholarship and assistantship schemes exist which may provide support.

1.1 Funding History

In the years following the end of World War IIWorld War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the world's nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. The war was fough local education authorities (LEAs) paid student fees and provided non-mature students assisted with a maintenance grant. Under the Education Act 1962 a national Mandatory Award of student maintenance grant was established, payable by the LEAs to students on most full-time courses.

As the university population rose during the 1980s the sums paid to universities became linked to their performance and efficiency, and by the mid 1990s funding per student had dropped by 40% since the mid 1970s, while numbers of full-time students had reached around 200,000 (around a third of the age group), up from around 130,000.

Following an investigation into the future of universities, the July 1997 report of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education [1], chaired by the then Sir Ronald Dearing recommended the ending of universal free higher education, and that students should pay £1,000 towards the cost of their tuition fees, which would be recovered in the form of a graduate tax.

At the time of the Dearing report, fees were still paid by the government, student grants of up to 1,755 pounds (2,160 pounds in London) were linked to family income, and a subsidised student loan of 1,685 pounds (2,085 pounds in London) was available. Instead of following Dearing's suggestions, the grant was replaced by the present loan scheme, introduced for students starting in 1999.

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