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Caesarea Mazaca (mod. Kaisarieh), is an ancient town of Asia Minor which served as the residence of the kings of Cappadocia. Its geographical situation has made it a place of commercial importance throughout history. It lay on the ancient trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates, on the Persian Royal Road from Sardis to Susa, and on the great Roman highway from Ephesus to the EastThought to be named Caesarea by Claudius, it stood on a low spur on the north side of Erjies Dagh (Mons Argaeus). The site, now called Eskishehr, shows only a few traces of the old town. It was destroyed by the Sassanid king Shapur I of Persia (Sapor) after he had defeated Valerian in A.D. 260. At this time it was stated to have contained 400,000 inhabitants. In the 4th century A.D., the bishop Basil established an ecclesiastical centre on the plain, about one mile to the northeast which gradually supplanted the old town. A portion of Basil's new city was surrounded with strong walls and turned into a fortress by Justinian.
Within the walls, lies the greater part of Kaisarieh rebuilt in
the 13th and 16th centuries. The town was captured by the SeljukThe Seljuk Turks ( Turkish: Selcuk Arabic: Saljuq al-Saljiqa Persian: Saljuqiyn also Seldjuk Seldjuq Seljuq were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that occupied parts of Central Asia and the Middle East from the 11th to 14th centuries. The S sultan,
Alp Arslan, 1064 and by the MongolsThe Mongols are an ethnic group that originated in what is now Mongolia, Russia, and China, particularly Inner Mongolia. They currently number about 8. 5 million and speak the Mongol language. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by, 1243Events Innocent IV was elected pope. Castile captures the city of Murcia from the Moors. Births Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile Ferdinand III,, before passing to the Osmanli
Turks. .
Caesarea in Cappadocia should not be confounded with Caesarea PhilippiCaesarea Philippi is the name of a town 95 miles north of Jerusalem, 35 miles southwest from Damascus, 1150 feet above sea level. The ancient spring at BanaiasOne of three sources of the Jordan River Caesarea Phillipi is at the site of a spring known as F or Caesarea Maritima, both in Palestine.
Roman towns and cities
