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Cairo ( Arabic: القاهرة; romanized: al-Qāhirah) is the capital city of Egypt and has an estimated metropolitan area population of 15 million. It is the largest city in both Africa and the Middle East and is currently the thirteenth most populous city in the world.
While al-Qāhirah is the official name of the city, in local speech it is typically called simply by the name of the country, Misr (Arabic, مصر) pronounced Masr in the local dialect.
The name Al-Qahirah means The Subduer. This name was given to the city as many armies were destroyed in attempts to invade Cairo or defeated elsewhere by troops sent from Cairo. (Mongols, Crusaders & Ottomans are examples)
Egypt, with Cairo governorate highlighted.
Cairo is located on the banks and islands of the Nile River in the north of Egypt, immediately south of the point where the river leaves its desert-bound valley and breaks into three branches into the low-lying Nile Delta region.
The oldest part of the city is somewhat east of the river. There, the city gradually spreads west, engulfing the agricultural lands next to the Nile. These western areas, built on the model of Paris by Ismail the Magnificent in the mid- 19th century, are marked by wide boulevards, public gardens, and open spaces. The older eastern section of the city is very different: having grown up haphazardly over the centuries it is filled with small lanes and crowded tenaments. While western Cairo is dominated by the government buildings and modern architecture, the eastern half is filled with hundreds of ancient mosqueMezquita (mosque) in Cordoba, Spain. A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. Masjid is the Arabic term for a mosque. This term is used widely throughout the Islamic world, and the word masjid is widely preferred by many Muslims.s that act as landmarks.
Extensive water systems have also allowed the city to expand east into the desert. Bridges link the Nile islands of Gezira and Roda , where many government buildings are located and government officials live. Bridges also cross the Nile attaching the city to the suburbs of GizaGiza ( Arabic, , romanized, al-Jiza pronounced in Egyptian dialect al-Giza also sometimes rendered in English as Gizeh, Ghizeh, or Geezeh) is a town in Egypt on the left bank of the Nile river, across from the old city of Cairo, and now part of the greate and Imbabah (part of the Cairo conurbation).
West of Giza, in the desert, is part of the ancient necropolisA necropolis (plural: necropolises or necropoleis is a cemetery or burying-place, literally a "city of the dead". Apart from the occasional application of the word to modern cemeteries outside large towns, the term is chiefly used of burial grounds near t of Memphis on the Giza plateau, with its three large pyramidsThis is about the polyhedron. For information on the pyramids of Egypt, see Egyptian pyramids. Geometric shape ''formed by connecting a polygonal base A pyramid is a geometric shape formed by connecting a polygonal base and a point called the apex, by tri, including the Great Pyramid of GizaThe Great Pyramid of Giza (sometimes spelled Gizeh is the oldest and last remaining of the Seven Wonders of the World and the most famous pyramid in the world. It is presumed to have served as the tomb of the Fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu (also kn (last surviving of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World). Approximately 11 miles (18 km) to the south of modern Cairo is the site of the ancient Egyptian city of MemphisMemphis was the ancient capital of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 1300 BC. The ruins are 19 km (12 mi. south of Cairo on the West Bank of the Nile. The city was founded around 3100 BC by Menes of Tanis, who united the two kingdo and adjoining necropolis of SaqqaraSaqqara is a vast, ancient burial ground in Egypt, featuring the world's oldest standing step pyramid. It is located some 30 km south of modern-day Cairo and covers an area of around 7 km by 1. Djoser's step pyramid While Memphis was the capital of Ancien. These cities were Cairo's ancient predecessors, when Cairo was still in this approximate geographical location.
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