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It is often used in structured cabling for computer networks such as fast Ethernet, although it is often used to carry many other signals such as basic voice services, token ring, and ATM (at up to 155 MbitThe Megabit is a unit of information storage. 1 Megabit 106 bits 1 000 000 bits 8 Megabits 1 megabyte The Megabit is closely related to the Mebibit, which is equal to 220 bits 1048576 bits. Kilobit << Megabit << Gigabit See also Binary prefix megabyte Unis/s, over short distances).
The other well known flavour of this type of cable is the 10 Mbit/s Category 3 cableCategory 3 cable commonly known as Cat-3 is an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable designed to reliably carry data up to 10Mbps. It is part of a family of copper cabling standards defined jointly by the Electronic Industries Alliance and the Telecommunica. Less well known is the 20 Mbit/s Cat 4. Cat 4 offered only a small advance in speed over Cat3, and was generally ignored in favour of Cat 5. Cat 1 and Cat 2 are 1 Mbit/s systems for voice and low-speed data.
Patch leads created from Cat 5 are often terminated with RJ-45RJ-45 (Registered Jack Type 45) is a physical interface often used for terminating twisted pair type cables. RJ" stands for Registered Jack which is part of the United States Code of Federal Regulations. It has eight " pins" or electrical connections. electrical connectorAn electrical connector is a device for joining electrical circuits together. In computing it can also be known as a physical interface . Usually made up of a plug (male) and a socket (female), although hermaphroditic connectors exist, such as the originas. Normal Cat 5 cables are wired "straight through" and connect a computer to a hubIn general, a hub is a central node in a network. The term comes from the analogy to a wheel's hub, which is the center of the wheel with spokes radiating out from it. An airline hub is an airport that serves as the base of operations for that airline, us. In other words, pin 1 is connected to pin 1, pin 2 to pin 2, etc. The RJ-45 pinoutPinout is a term used in electronics to describe how a connector is wired. Each pin of the connector has a purpose which is briefly described in the pinout. The pinout can be shown as a simple table or may include a diagram. It is important to make it cle for a Cat 5 cable can either be TIA-568AEIA/TIA-568A is a joint Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA), Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA), and International Telecommunications Union (ITU) standard for twisted pair wiring. It defines the pinout, or order of connections, for wires in RJ or TIA-568BEIA/TIA-568B is a joint Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA), Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA), and International Telecommunications Union (ITU) standard for twisted pair wiring. It defines the pinout, or order of connections, for wires in RJ. TIA-568A is used by some phone systems and Token Ring. Most everything else, such as the Ethernet standards 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, use TIA-568B.
In Ethernet, "crossover" Cat-5 cables are used to connect two hubs together, in which pairs two and three are reversed. Crossover cables can also be used to connect two PC's NICs directly (with no intervening hub). See the TIA-568B article for a pinout diagram.
Cat 5e cable is an enhanced version of Cat 5 for use with 1000 Base-T networks, or for long-distance 100 Base-T links (350 m, compared with 100 m for Cat5). It must meet the EIA/TIA 568A-5 specification.
Cat 6 cable is defined by the ANSI TIA/EIA 568B-2.1. It is suitable for 1000 Base-T (gigabit) Ethernet up to 100 m.
Cat 7 cable, with four individually-shielded pairs (ScTP) inside an overall shield, has been proposed but is not in common use. It is designed for transmission frequencies up to 600 MHz, which should enable it to carry 10-Gigabit Ethernet (10GBaseT), but requires a redesigned RJ-45 connector (called a GG45) to achieve this speed. 10GBaseT networks are not yet widely available, and may not be able to compete with fibre optic networks.