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Home > Central processing unit

When every part of a CPU is on a single physical integrated circuit, it is called a microprocessor. Practically all CPUs manufacturered today are microprocessors.

The term CPU is often used vaguely to include other centrally important parts of a computer such as caches and input/output controllers, especially when those functions are on the same microprocessor chip as the CPU.

Manufacturers of desktop computers often erroneously describe the entire personal computer (the system unit or sometimes white box including the computer case and the computer hardware it contains) as the CPU. Rather, the CPU, as a functional unit, is that part of the computer which actually executes the instructions (add, subtract, shift, fetch, etc.).

A family of CPU designs is often referred to as a CPU architecture.

1 Notable CPU architectures

• Intel's 8051 architecture

• Intel's x86 architecture
• Motorola's 68k architecture
• The AIM AllianceAIM was an alliance formed in 1991 between Apple Computer, IBM and Motorola to create a new computing standard based on the PowerPC architecture. The stated goal of the alliance was to challenge the dominant Wintel computing platform with a new computer d's PowerPCPowerPC is a RISC microprocessor architecture created by the 1991 Apple- IBM- Motorola alliance, known as AIM''. The PowerPC was the CPU portion of the overall AIM platform, and is the only part to exist to date. History The history of the PowerPC begins architecture

• MOS TechnologyMOS Technology, Inc. also known as Commodore Semiconductor Group was a microprocessor and calculator company famous for its 6502 processor. Commodore 64 showing some important MOS Technology circuits: the 6510 CPU and the 6581 (SID). Company history MOS o's 6502The MOS Technology 6502 is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by MOS Technology in 1975. When it was introduced it was the least expensive full featured CPU on the market by far, at about 1/6th the price, or less, of competing designs from larger companies architecture
• Zilog's z80 architecture

• Sun Microsystems's SPARC architecture
• IBM's POWER architecture
• MIPS Computer Systems Inc.'s MIPS architecture and its instruction set is the vehicle for David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy Computer Organization and Design BooksEnthsiast.com 1998 (2nd. edition)
• HP's PA-RISC architecture
• DEC's Alpha architecture
• The Advanced RISC Machines (originally Acorn) ARM and StrongARM/ XScale architectures

• IBM's System/360 architecture
• DEC's PDP-11 architecture, and its successor, the VAX architecture
• SuperH's SuperH architecture
• UNIVAC 1100/2200 series architecture (currently supported by Unisys ClearPath IX computers)
• 1750A, the U.S.'s military standard computer.
• AP-101, the space shuttle's computer

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Topics: Central Processing Unit Architecture Computer Cpu Architectures...

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