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:This article is about mammals. For other bats, see bat (disambiguation) and bats.

Bats
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Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Chiroptera
Families
Pteropodidae
Emballonuridae
Rhinopomatidae
Craseonycteridae

Rhinolophidae

Nycteridae
Megadermatidae
Vespertilionidae

Molossidae

Antrozoidae
Natalidae
Myzopodidae
Thyropteridae
Furipteridae

Noctilionidae

Mystacinidae
Mormoopidae

Phyllostomidae

Bats are flying mammals in the order Chiroptera with forelimbs developed as wings. Other mammals, such as flying squirrels or gliding phalanger s, can glide limited distances, but only bats are capable of true flight. The name Chiroptera can be translated as Hand Wing, as the structure of the open wing is very similar to an outspread human hand, covered in a membrane.

Though the vast majority of bats are insectivorous, a significant number from both suborders, Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera (see below), have developed the ability to feed on fruits and their juices. Some of the smaller species are important pollinators of some tropical flowers. Indeed, many tropical plants are now found to be totally dependent on them, not just as pollinators, but eating the resulting fruits and so spreading their seeds. In addition, some bats prey on vertebrates. These bats include the Leaf-nosed bats ( Phyllostomidae) of central and South AmericaSouth America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. South America is situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. It became attached to North America only recently, geologically speaking, wi, and the allied family Noctilionidae (Bulldog bats) that feed on fishAtlantic herring, Clupea harengus one of the most abundant species in the world Photo A fish is a poikilothermic (cold-blooded) water-dwelling vertebrate with gills. There are over 27,000 species of fish, making them the most diverse group of vertebrates..

1 Classification

There are two suborders of bats:

  1. Megachiroptera ( megabatMegabats constitute the suborder Megachiroptera within the order Chiroptera ( bats). They include the single family Pteropodidae''. Often they are called fruit bats or Old World fruit bats . While the microbats are distributed over all continents (excludis or fruit bats)
  2. Microchiroptera ( microbatThe microbats constitute the suborder Microchiroptera within the order Chiroptera ( bats). Other English names are "insectivorous bats", "echolocating bats", "small bats" or "true bats". All these names are somewhat inaccurate, because not all microbats fs, echolocating bats or insectivorous bats)

Megabats eat fruit, while microbats eat mainly insectsSubclass Apterygota Symphypleona globular springtails Subclass Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) Subclass Dicondylia Monura extinct Thysanura (common bristletails) Subclass Pterygota Palaeodictyoptera extinct Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata ( dragonfl, and often rely on echolocationAnimal echolocation is the ability of some animals to locate objects by emitting sound waves and listening for the echo. This is used to detect obstacles, predators and prey. It is used by bats, dolphins and some whales. Two bird groups also employ this s for navigation and finding prey. A handful of species, the vampire bats, feed on blood.

It was once believed that megabats and microbats developed independently, and that the shared characteristics were the result of convergent evolution. After numerous genetic analyses it has been established that both groups have a common flying ancestor.

Little is known about the evolution of bats, since their small, delicate skeletons do not fossilize well. The oldest known bat fossils are Icaronycteris, Archaeonycteris, Palaeochiropteryx and Hassianycteris from the early Eocene (about 50 million years ago), but they were already very similar to modern microbats.

Bats are usually grouped with the tree shrews ( Scandentia), colugos ( Dermoptera), and the primates in superorder Archonta .



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