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Civil law has at least three meanings. It may connote an entire legal system,or either of two different bodies of law within a legal system:
- a legal system
- the set of rules governing relations between persons (either humans or legal personalities such as corporations); here the contrast is public law, especially criminal law;
- Secular law, as opposed to canon law or natural law.
1 As opposed to criminal law
Unlike Criminal Law, Civil law regulates relationships amongst persons and organizations. Civil law, in this sense, is usually referring to redress to civil law courts (as opposed to criminal courts) and is often used as a means to resolve disputes involving accidents ( torts such as negligence), libel and other intentional torts, contractA contract is any promise or set of promises made by one party to another for the breach of which the law provides a remedy. The promise or promises may be express (either written or oral) or may be implied from circumstances. Typically, the remedy for br disputes, the probate of willIn the law, a will or testament is a documentary instrument by which a person regulates the rights of others over his property or family after his death. For the devolution of property not disposed of by will, see inheritance and intestacy. In strictnesss, and trustIn common law legal systems, a trust is a relationship in which a person or entity (the trustee has legal control over certain property (the trust property or trust corpus , but is bound by fiduciary duty to exercise that legal control for the benefit ofs, and any other private matters that can be resolved between private parties. Violations of civil law are considered to be torts or breaches of contract, rather than crimeSee crime fiction for a survey of the fictional treatment of crimes and their detection and criminals and their motives. Crime Lake is a lake between Ashton-under-Lyne and Failsworth in Greater Manchester in England. A crime is an act which violates a laws. Depending upon the regional governmentA government is an organization that has the power to make and enforce laws for a certain territory. There are several definitions on what exactly constitutes a government. The government has been defined as the dominant decision-making arm (the policy el, this field of law contains commercial lawCommercial law or business law is the body of law which governs business and commerce and is often considered to be a branch of civil law and deals both with issues of private law and public law. Commercial law regulates corporate contracts, hiring practi and some kinds of administrative lawAdministrative law is the body of law which regulates the actions of administrative agencies of government. It is a considered a branch of public law. Administrative law as a body of law deals with the decision-making of administrative tribunals or boards remedies, though sometimes administrative lawAdministrative law is the body of law which regulates the actions of administrative agencies of government. It is a considered a branch of public law. Administrative law as a body of law deals with the decision-making of administrative tribunals or boards judges adjudicate penal law violations such as parking tickets and other minor offenses.
Contractual law enforces contracts by allowing a party, whose rights have been violated or breached, to collect damages and penalties from a defendantIn Common law, a defendant is any person who is required to answer the complaint of a plaintiff in a civil suit or any person who has been named in a criminal information or criminal complaint and stands accused of violating a criminal statute. A defendan. Where monetary damages are deemed insufficient, civil courts may offer other remedies; such as forbidding someone to do an act (eg; an injunction) or formally changing someone's legal status (eg; divorce or change of name). Civil lawsuits sometimes occur as a result of criminal action, and such a lawsuit can be successful even when the defendant was found not guilty under criminal law. Some civil lawsuits, such as under the civil provisions of the U.S. federal RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) statutes, allow for a private right of action for damages when someone has suffered due to the violation of certain predicate crimes under federal law (such as wire and mail fraud and other specifically enumerated federal offenses).
