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Home > Classical guitar

The classical guitar is distinguished by a number of features.

• It is an acoustic instrument. The sound is amplified by a sound box.
• It has six strings. A few classical guitars have eight or more strings to expand the bass scale, allowing lute music written for lutes with more than six courses of strings to be played.
• The strings are made from catgut (made from sheep intestine, despite the name), or much more commonly these days nylon, as opposed to the metal strings found in some other forms of guitar. These strings have a much lower tension than steel strings. The lower three strings ('bass strings') are wound with metal, commonly silver or bronze. Some less common stringings use a fourth wound string.
• Because of the low tension of the strings the neck can be made entirely of wood, not requiring a steel truss rod.
• The neck tends to be broader than with steel string guitars, making more complex work easier, but requiring a left hand position which ultimately makes the guitar less stable to hold.
• The strings are usually plucked with the fingers. Serious players shape their fingernails so that they contact the string in a certain way to achieve the desired tone. A collection of fine classical and flamenco guitars can be seen at the Classical Guitar Museum
• Traditionally, the tuning pegs (or "keys") at the head the fingerboard of a classical guitar point backwards (towards the player when the guitar is in playing position). This is in contrast to a traditional steel-string guitar design, in which the tuning pegs point outward (up and down from playing position).

Classical guitars are normally played without amplification of any sort but they can be equipped with an electronic pickup, which is sometimes used by performers in noisy environments. Either a piezoelectric pickup is placed under the bridge, or a microphone is suspended within the body.

The first 'Golden Age' of the classical guitar repertoire was the 19th century. Some notable guitar composers from this period are:

• Dionisio Aguado 1784- 1849
• Matteo Carcassi 1792- 1853
• Fernando Carulli 1770Events March 5 Boston Massacre: 5 Americans killed by British troops in an event that would help start the American Revolutionary War 5 years later. May 14 Marie Antoinette arrives to French Court. May 16 14-year old Marie Antoinette marries 15-year old L- 18411841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). Events January 26 The United Kingdom occupies Hong Kong. Later during the year, the first census of the island recorded a population of about 7,500. February 18 The first ongoing f
• Napoleon CosteNapoleon Coste ( June 28, 1806 February 17, 1883) was a French guitarist and composer. 1806Events January 8 Cape Colony becomes a British colony January 10 Dutch in Cape Town surrender to the British January 19 The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope March 23 After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocea- 1883Events January January 16 The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil service, is passed January 19 The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service ( Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas E
• Mauro GiulianiMauro Giuliani ( July 27, 1781 May 8, 1828) was an Italian guitarist and composer, active in Vienna. He was born in Bisceglie, Italy. Giuliani, Mauro Giuliani, Mauro Giuliani, Mauro. 1780Events January 16 American Revolutionary War: Battle of Cape St. Vincent February, Armed Neutrality of the North alliance formed between Denmark, Sweden, and Russia. March 26 The British Gazette and Sunday Monitor the first Sunday newspaper in Britain May- 18401840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). Events January 3 One of the predecessor papers to the Herald Sun of Melbourne, Australia, The Port Phillip Herald is founded by George Cavanaugh. January 10 Uniform penny postage
• Luigi Legnani 1790- 1877
• Miguel Llobet 1878- 1937
• Fernando Sor 1778- 1839
• Francisco Tarrega 1852- 1909

Guitarist-composers of the 20th century include:

• Agustin Barrios Mangore 1885- 1944
• Gilbert Biberian 1944-
• Ben Bolt 1953-
• Leo Brouwer 1939-
• John Duarte 1919-
• Roland Dyens 1955-
• Antonio Lauro 1917- 1986
• Emilio Pujol 1886- 1980
• Heitor Villa-Lobos 1887- 1959
• Andrew York 1958-

In the 20th century, many non-guitarist composers wrote for the instrument, which previously only players of the instrument had done. These include:

• Malcolm Arnold 1921-
• Richard Rodney Bennett 1936-
• Lennox Berkeley 1903- 1989
• Benjamin Britten 1913- 1976
• Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco 1895- 1968
• Peter Maxwell Davies 1934-
• Stephen Dodgson 1924-
• Manuel de Falla 1876- 1946
• Alberto Ginastera 1916- 1983
• Hans Werner Henze 1926-
• André Jolivet 1905- 1974
• Ernst Krenek 1900- 1991
• Frank Martin 1890- 1974
• Darius Milhaud 1892- 1974
• Frederic Mompou 1893- 1987
• Federico Moreno Torroba 1891- 1982
• Manuel Maria Ponce 1886- 1948
• Francis Poulenc 1899- 1963
• André Previn 1929-
• Alan Rawsthorne 1905- 1971
• Joaquin Rodrigo 1901- 1999
• Albert Roussel 1869- 1937
• Alexandre Tansman 1897- 1986
• Michael Tippett 1905- 1998
• Joaquin Turina 1882- 1949
• William Walton 1902- 1983

Guitarists also often play transcriptions of music originally written for other instruments. Lute transcriptions from the Renaissance and Baroque eras are common.

Some players of the classical guitar:

• Manuel Barrueco
• Julian Bream 1933-
• Sharon Isbin 1956-
• Andrés Segovia 1893- 1987
• Narciso Yepes 1927- 1997
• John Williams 1941-
• Pepé Romero 1944-
• Angél Romero

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