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A dictionary is a list of words with their definitions, a list of characters with their glyphs, or a list of words with corresponding words in other languages. Many dictionaries also provide pronunciation information, word derivations, histories, or etymologies, illustrations, usage guidance, and examples in sentences.

1 Word order

Dictionaries of languages with alphabetic and syllabic writing systems list words in alphabetical or some analogous phonetic order. Words and characters in ideographic writing systems such as Chinese are sorted according to one of numerous schemes based on the components, number of strokes, and overall shape of each character. (See collation for more information on linguistic sorting).

2 Coverage

Dictionaries vary wildly in size and scope. A dictionary that attempts to cover as many words from a particular speech community as possible is called a maximizing dictionary (e.g. the Oxford English Dictionary), whereas a dictionary that attempts to cover only a limited selection of words from a speech community is called a minimizing dictionary (e.g. a dictionary containing the 2000 most frequently used words in the English language).

3 Special-purpose dictionaries

There are many different types of dictionaries, including bilingual, multilingual, historical, biographical, and geographical dictionaries.

3.1 Bilingual dictionaries

In bilingual dictionaries, each entry has translations of words in other language. For example, in a Japanese-English dictionary, the entry tsuki has the corresponding English word, moon. In dictionaries between a language using a non- Roman script and English, entry words in the non-English language may either be printed and sorted in the native order, or romanized and sorted in Roman alphabetical order.

3.2 Specialized dictionaries

Specialized dictionaries (also referred to as technical dictionaries) focus on linguistic and factual matters relating to specific subject fields. A specialized dictionary may have a relatively broad coverage, in that it covers several subject fields such as science and technology (a multi-field dictionaryA multi-field dictionary is a specialized dictionary that has been designed and compiled to cover the terms within two or more subject fields. Multi-field dictionaries should be contrasted with single-field dictionaries snd sub-field dictionaries. The typ), or their coverage may be more narrow, in that they cover one particular subject field such as law (a single-field dictionaryA single-field dictionary is a specialized dictionary that has been designed and compiled to cover the terms of one particular subject field. Single-field dictionaries should be contrasted with multi-field dictionaries and sub-field dictionaries. The typo) or even a specific sub-field such as contract law (a sub-field dictionaryA sub-field dictionary is a specialized dictionary that has been designed and compiled to cover the terms of one (or possibly more) sub-fields of a particular subject field. It is therefore a sub-division of the class of dictionary called a single-field d). Specialized dictionaries may be maximizing dictionaries, i.e. they attempt to achieve comprehensive coverage of the terms in the subject field concerned, or they may be minimizing dictionaries, i.e. they attempt to cover only a limited number of the specialized vocabulary concerned. Generally, multi-field dictionaries tend to be minimizing, whereas single-field and sub-field dictionaries tend to be maximizing. See also LSP dictionaryAn LSP l anguage for s pecific p urposes) dictionary is a dictionary that is intended to describe a variety of one or more languages used by experts within a particlar subject field. The discipline that deals with LSP dictionaries is usually called specia.

3.3 Character dictionaries

In East Asian languages, a dictionary specialized in Han (Chinese) characters has developed, called Kan-wa jiten (literally 'Han-Japanese dictionary') in Japanese and Okpyeon ('Jewel Book') in Korean. Each entry has one Chinese character with information about stroke count and order, readings (pronunciations), and a list of words using that character.

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DictionaryFor other uses of "dictionary", see dictionary (disambiguation). A dictionary is a list of words with their definitions, a list of characters with their glyphs, or a list of words with corresponding words in other languages. Many dictionaries also provide Dictionary attackIn cryptanalysis, a dictionary attack refers to discovering a password by running through a list of likely possibilities, often a list of words from a dictionary. It contrasts to a brute force attack in which all possibilities are tried. For example, one Dictionary of American Naval Fighting ShipsThe Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships DANFS for short) is the primary reference work for the basic facts about every ship ever used by the United States Navy. Although called a " dictionary," it is more accurately described as a specialized ency Dictionary of National BiographyThe Dictionary of National Biography is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history. Following the example of national biographical collections published in separate nations of Europe, the publisher George Smith (1824 1901) planne Dictionary of the KhazarsDictionary Of The Khazars: A Lexicon Novel is the first novel by Milorad Pavich (Milorad Pavic). Originally written in Serbo-Croatian, the novel has been translated into many languages, including English. The novel takes the form of three encyclopedias, e Dictionary of American Naval Aviation SquadronsThe Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons (DANAS) is a work being written by the Naval Historical Center. It covers naval air squadrons in much the same way as the Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships covers commissioned vessels. Two volu Dictionary (disambiguation) Dictionary entries based methods Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century Dictionary coder Dictionary Corner Dictionary of Received Ideas Dictionary of American English