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Home > Dornier Do 335

The Dornier Do 335 Pfeil (Arrow) was a World War II heavy fighter built by the Dornier company. The Pfeil's performance was much better than any similar design due to its unique " push-pull" layout and the Luftwaffe was desperate to get the design into squadron use, but delays in engine deliveries meant only a handful were delivered before the war ended.

The origins of the Do 335 trace back to World War I when Claudius Dornier designed a number of flying boats featuring tandem engines. The same system was also used on the very successful post-war Wal and Do 18. In a tandem layout the engines are mounted back-to-back in pairs, the front engine 'pulling' and the rear one 'pushing'. There are many advantages to this design over the more traditional system of placing one engine on each wing. You have a twin-engine layout with the frontal area (and thus drag) of a single engine design, allowing for higher speeds. It also keeps the weight near the centerline, so the plane can roll faster than a traditional twin. In addition an engine failure doesn't lead to asymmetric thrust, and even in normal flight there is no net torque so the plane is easy to handle.

In 1939 Dornier was busy working on the P.59 high speed bomber project, which featured the tandem engine layout. In 1940 he commissioned a test aircraft to validate his concept for turning the rear, "pusher" propeller with an engine located far away from it and using a long driveshaft. This aircraft, the Göppingen Gö 9 showed that there were no unforseen difficulties with this arrangement, but work on the P.59 was stopped in early 1940 when Hermann Göring ordered the cancellation of all projects which would not be complete within a year or so.

In May 1942 Dornier submitted an updated version with a 1,000 kg bombload as the P.231, in response to a requirement for a single seat high speed bomber/intruder (other entries included the Messerschmitt Me 155). P.231 was selected as the winner after beating rival designs from Arado and Junkers, and a development contract was awarded as the Do 335. In the Autumn of 1942 Dornier was told that the Do 335 was no longer required, and instead a multi-role fighter based on the same general layout would be accepted. This delayed the prototype delivery as it was modified for the new role.

Fitted with Daimler-Benz DB 603A engines delivering 1,750 hp (1,305 kW) at take-off, the first prototype flew in October 19431943 is the common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 1. The pilots were surprised at the speed, acceleration, turning circle and general handling of the type -– it was a twin that flew like a single. The only sore spots they found were the poor rearward visibility and weak landing gear. V2 and V3 incorporated several minor changes; the oil cooler under the nose incorporated into the annular engine cowling, blisters were added to the canopy with small rear view mirrors, and the main undercarriageQatar Airways Airbus A330 The undercarriage or landing gear is equipment which supports an aircraft when it is not flying. The assembly usually has wheels and some sort of shock absorber apparatus, but sometimes skis for snow or floats for water, and skid doors were redesigned.

On May 23May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). There are 222 days remaining. Events 1430 Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiegne 1498 Girolamo Savonarola is executed on th, 1944Events World War II January January 4 The Battle of Monte Cassino begins. January 5 Murder of Danish playwright Kaj Munck January 17 British forces, in Italy, cross the Garigliano River. January 20 The Royal Air Force drops 2,300 tons of bombs on Berlin; Hitler ordered maximum priority to be given to Do 335 production. The main production line was intended to be at Manzel, but a bombing raid in March destroyed the tooling and forced Dornier to set up a new line at Oberpfaffenhofen. The decision was made to cancel the Heinkel He 219The Heinkel He 219 Uhu (Owl) was a famous night fighter used late in World War II by the Luftwaffe. The plane had been requested in 1942 and eventually developed into a superb aircraft that many speculate would have had a huge effect on RAF night bombing and use its production facilities for the Do 335 as well. However, Ernst HeinkelErnst Heinkel ( January 24 1888 January 30 1958) was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer. He was born in Grunbach and as a young man became an apprentice machinist at a foundry. He initially became interested in aviation through a fascination with managed to delay, and eventually ignore, its implementation.

The first ten Do 335A-0's were delivered for testing in May. By late 1944Events World War II January January 4 The Battle of Monte Cassino begins. January 5 Murder of Danish playwright Kaj Munck January 17 British forces, in Italy, cross the Garigliano River. January 20 The Royal Air Force drops 2,300 tons of bombs on Berlin; the Do 335A-1 was on the production line. This was similar to the A-0 but with the uprated DB 603E-1 engines and two underwing hard points for additional bombs, drop tanks or guns. Capable of a maximum speed of 474 mph (763 km/h) at 21,325 ft (6,500 m) with MW 50 boost, or 426 mph (686 km/h) without boost, and able to climb to 26,250 ft (8,000 m) in under 15 minutes, the Do 335A-1 could easily outrun any Allied fighters it encountered. Even with one engine out it could reach about 350 mph (563 km/h), allowing it to escape combat fairly easily.

Delivery commenced in January 1945. When the US Army overran the Oberpfaffenhofen factory in late April 1945, only eleven Do 335A-1 single seat fighter-bombers and two Do 335A-12 conversion trainers had been completed.

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Dornier GmbHDornier Werke GmbH also known as Dornier Flugzeugwerke and Dornier Luftfahrt at various times, was a German aircraft manufacturer founded in Friedrichshafen in 1914 by Claudius Dornier. Over the course of its long lifespan, the company produced many notab Dornier Do 17Dornier Do 17Z-2 Description RoleLight bomber Crewfour, pilot, bomb aimer/gunner, two gunners Dimensions Length52 ft15. 80 m Wingspan60 ft18 m Height15 ft4. 55 m Wing area592 ft²55. 00 m² Weights Empty11,484 lb5,210 kg Maximum take-off19,500 lb8,590 kg Po Dornier Do 335Dornier Do 335A-0 Description RoleHeavy fighter Crewone, pilot Dimensions Length52 ft15. 80 m Wingspan60 ft18 m Height15 ft4. 55 m Wing area592 ft²55. 00 m² Weights Empty11,484 lb5,210 kg Maximum take-off19,500 lb8,590 kg Powerplant Engines2x Daimler-Benz Dornier Do 217The Dornier Do 217 was a World War II medium bomber designed from scratch as a replacement for the venerable Dornier Do 17. Dornier recognized shortcomings of its fast Dornier Do 17 well before the war. With Junker's new Junkers Ju 88 prototype being supe Dornier Do 10The Dornier Do 10 was the name given by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium(RLM) of a pre- World War II German aircraft. The aircraft has a complicated history due to renaming and the use of three different engines with correspondingly different specifications Dornier Do 11Dornier Do 11 / Dornier F The Dornier Do 11 was a german medium bomber developed in secret in the early 1930s. It was originally called the Dornier F before being renamed by the RLM in 1933 and was considered a heavy bomber at the time. It came in 1932, a Dornier Do 12 Dornier Do J Dornier Do X Dornier Do 13 Dornier Do 23 Dornier Do 18 Dornier Do 24