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Earth
The Blue Marble, taken from Apollo 17
(Note: Full size image is 5 MB.)
Orbital characteristics ( Epoch J2000)
Semi-major axis 149,597,887 km
(1.000 000 11 AU)
Orbital circumference 0.940 Tm
(6.283 AU)
Orbital eccentricity 0.016 710 22
Perihelion 147,098,074 km
(0.983 289 9 AU)
Aphelion 152,097,701 km
(1.016 710 3 AU)
Sidereal orbit period 365.256 96 d
(1.000 019 1 a)
Synodic period n/a
Avg. Orbital Speed 29.783 km/ s
Max. Orbital Speed 30.287 km/s
Min. Orbital Speed 29.291 km/s
Orbital inclination to Ecliptic 0.000 05 °
(7.25° to Sun's equator)
Longitude of the ascending node 348.739 36°
Argument of the perihelion 114.207 83°
Satellites 1 (the Moon), but see also 3753 Cruithne
 
Physical characteristics
Equatorial diameter 12,756.28 km
Polar diameter 12,713.56 km
Mean diameter 12,742.02 km
Oblateness 0.003 35
Equatorial circumference 40,075 km
Polar circumference 40,008 km
Surface area 510,067,420 km²
Volume 1.0832×1012 km³
Mass 5.9736×1024 kg
Density 5.515 g/ cm³
Equatorial surface gravity 9.780 m/s² 1
(0.997 32 gee)
Escape velocity 11.186 km/s
Sidereal rotation period 0.997 258 d (23.934 h)
Rotation velocity 1674.38 km/h = 465.11 m/s
(at the equator)
Axial tilt 23.439 281°
Right ascension
of North pole
0° (0 h 0 min 0 s)
Declination 90°
Albedo 0.367
Surface temp.
- min
- mean
- max

185 K
287 K
331 K
Surface Pressure 100 k Pa
 
Atmospheric constituents
nitrogen 77%
oxygen 21%
argon 1%
carbon dioxide
water vapor
trace

Earth, also known as the Earth or Terra, is the planet on which we live, the third planet outward from the Sun.

It is the largest of the solar system's terrestrial planets, and the only planetary body that modern science confirms as harbouring life. The planet formed around 4.5 billion (4.5×109) years ago and shortly thereafter acquired its single natural satellite, the Moon.

Its symbol consists of a circled cross, representing a meridian and the equator; a variant puts the cross atop the circle ( Unicode: ⊕ or ♁).





Non User