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The global ecology movement is one of several new social movements that supported the formation of Green Parties in many democratic countries beginning at the end of the 1970s. It is views on people, behaviors, events centered around the political and lifestyle implications of the science of ecology and the idea of nature as a value in itself. "Ecology movement" is an umbrella term for different groups, ideology and attitudes. An older precedessors of the ecology movement is the conservation movement, going back to the beginning of the 20th century. The borderline to the environmental movement is blurry.1 Looking under the umbrella
Many people confuse the ecology movement as a whole with political Greens - who have social justice concerns beyond ecology. Green parties have roots in the ecology movement, though.
Today the term "ecology movement" is associated often with the more moral, more confrontational, and more rigorous stance taken by Greenpeace and other even more radical NGOs, e.g. Earth First, Earth Action , Sea ShepherdThe Sea Shepherd Conservation Society is a non-profit, non-governmental maritime organization founded by Paul Watson in 1977. The organization was founded after Watson's expulsion from Greenpeace, an organization which Watson originally helped found, over in favor of the Precautionary Principle and strong fundamental preventive measures for biosafetyBiosafety prevention of large-scale loss of biological integrity, focusing both on ecology and human health. Biosafety is related to several fields in ecology (referring to imported life forms from beyond ecoregion borders), in agriculture (reducing the r, biosecurityA Biosecurity guarantee attempts to ensure that ecologies sustaining either people or animals are maintained. This may include natural habitats as well as shelter and productive enterprise (especially agriculture) and deals with threats such as biological and biodiversityBiodiversity or biological diversity is a neologism and a portmanteau word, from bio and diversity. It is the diversity of and in living nature. Diversity, at its heart, implies the number of different kinds of objects, such as species. However, defining. The methods of these groups often involve the idea of Direct actionDirect action is a method and a theory of stopping objectionable practices or creating more favorable conditions using immediately available means, such as strikes, boycotts, workplace occupations, sit-ins, or sabotage, and less oppositional methods such.
A radical wing of the ecology movement opposes and actually sabotages or destroys infrastructural capitalInfrastructural capital refers to any physical means of production or means of protection beyond that which can be gathered or found directly in nature, i. beyond natural capital and that which is not considered as " fluid capital". It may include tools, of what they deem to be "Earth rapist" activities. This includes the Anarchist Golfing Association and the Earth Liberation Front, which are sometimes accused of " terrorism", despite no documented incident of either ever having harmed a single animal, humans included. However, they have inflicated large economic losses on many economies. Their terrorist acts include fire-bombing a Forestry Service installation in Erie, Pennsylvania. A very few in the ecology movement would accept doing bodily harm by non-legal means to achieve their goals - they have no organized presence and are rejected by almost all players in the ecology movement. Some who hold property damage and bodily harm in moral equivalence, may reject this distinction, e.g. the US FBI which has labelled the Earth Liberation Front as a "terrorist group" (although the U.S. Department of Defense does not).
On the other side of the spectrum, there are individuals and groups that believe in either a more political-lobbyist or more scientific than activist approach.
At least since the Rio World Summit in 1992, the discussion about sustainable development and sustainability has surfaced and partly replaced older ecological oriented ideologies. This and the establisment of a global anti-globalization movement in the late 1990s can be seen as follow-ups to the ecological movement.
