Éire (in the Irish language, translated as Ireland) is the name given in Article 4 of the 1937 Irish constitution to the 26-county Irish state that was created under the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty and which had been known between 1922 and 1937 as the Irish Free State.The name Éire is the nominative form in modern Irish Gaelic of the name for the goddess Ériu, a mythical figure who helped the Gaels conquer Ireland as described in the Book of Invasions.
Since 1949, the term Republic of Ireland has generally been used in preference to Éire, to clarify that the state rather than the whole island is under discussion. It is sometimes felt that use of "Éire" is associated with a condescending attitude to Ireland in some right wing quarters of the British media. Technically, however, as the Republic of Ireland ActThe Republic of Ireland Act was an enactment of Oireachtas Eireann passed in 1948, which came into force on April 18, 1949 and which declared that the official description of Eire was to be the Republic of Ireland. The Act Between 1922 and 1937, the 26 co enacted in 19481948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 1 Nationalisation of UK railways to form British Railways. Arab militants lay siege to the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. First day of the Ital makes clear, the 'Republic of Ireland' is actually a description rather than a name, even if generally used as such.
1 'Éire' in the Irish Constitution
The Fianna FáilFianna Fail The Republican Party ( English: Soldiers of Destiny is the largest political party in the Republic of Ireland. Throughout the twentieth century, the party moved from being a radical, slightly left of centre party, to become the establishment d party government ( 19321932 is the leap year starting on Friday. see link for calendar) Events January-February January 3 British arrest and intern Mohandas Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel January 8 In Britain the Archbishop of Canterbury forbids church remarriage of divorcees Jan- 481948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 1 Nationalisation of UK railways to form British Railways. Arab militants lay siege to the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. First day of the Ital) of Éamon de Valera drafted an entirely new constitution, called Bunreacht na hÉireann. The constitution is not an act of the parliament of the Irish Free State, rather it was "enacted by the people", by a plebiscite in 1937. The term Éire was used in the constitution to indicate a break with the Irish Free State without implying a return to the Irish Republic or a break with the Crown. Among the new features of that new constitution were a President of Ireland, renaming the President of the Executive Council the Taoiseach, and restoring the senate Seanad Éireann. As it was the religion of over 95% of the population there was a reference (since repealed) to the "special position of the Roman Catholic church". Like the Irish Free State constitution which it replaced, Bunreacht na hÉireann had no constitutional link with the Crown, except in external relations through a combination of Article 29 of the Constitution and the External Relations Act, 1936. The repeal of the latter Act by the Republic of Ireland Act, 1948 created Ireland as a sovereign Republic in 1949, with Republic of Ireland as a new description but without changing the name of the state from Éire or Ireland.
