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Other organisations of European countries such as NATO, the OSCE, the Council of Europe, and the Western European Union have parliamentary assemblies as well, but the European Parliament is unique in that it is directly elected by the people and has legislative power. The members of the parliamentary assemblies of the OSCE, the Council of Europe, and the Western European Union are appointed by national parliaments.
The European Parliament is one half of a bicameral legislature (the other half is the Council of the European Union). It has co-legislative power with the Council in most EU policy areas, able to accept, amend or reject proposals as it sees fit.
It also has a budgetary function, adopting the final budget of the European Union.
Additionally, Parliament exerts a function of democratic supervision over all the EU's activities, particularly the European Commission, which it has the sole power to elect and dismiss, and calls to account as it sees fit.
Under the proposed new Treaty establishing a constitution for Europe, Parliament's powers are enhanced, with a greater degree of democratic scrutiny, the right to co-legislate in virtually all areas of policy, and control over the entire EU budget.
Although the two institutions of the EU's executive, the European Commission and the European Council, both have their seats in Brussels, a protocol attached to the Treaty of Amsterdam requires the European Parliament to have monthly sessions in Strasbourg. For practical reasons, however, preparatory legislative work and committee meetings take place in Brussels. Moreover, the European Parliamentīs secretariat (administration), which employs the majority of its staff, is located in Luxembourg. Parliament only spends four days per month in Strasbourg in order to take the final, plenary votes. Additional plenary meetings are held in Brussels. On several occasions, Parliament has expressed a wish to choose itself the location of its seat and eliminate the two-seat system, but in the successive treaties, European governments keep reserving this right for themselves.
The European Coal and Steel Community established a Common Assembly in September, 1952, its members drawn from the six national Parliaments of the ECSC's constituent nations. This was expanded in March 1958Events January January 1 Treaty of Rome founding the EU is implemented January 4 Sputnik 1 falls to Earth from its orbit (launched on October 4 1957) January 8 14 year old Bobby Fischer wins the United States Chess Championship January 18 Armed Lumbee Nat to cover also the European Economic Community and EuratomThe European Atomic Energy Community or EURATOM is an international organization composed of the members of the European Union. It was established on March 25, 1957, by a second treaty of Rome, signed the same day as the more famous Treaty of Rome, instit, immediately adopted the name European Parliamentary Assembly, and used the name European Parliament from 1962Events January January 1 Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand January 3 Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro January 4 New York City introduces a train that operates without a crew on-board January 8 Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is e. In 1979Events January-February January 1 Sino-American relations: United States and the People's Republic of China establish diplomatic relations January 4 State of Ohio agrees to pay $675,000 to families of dead and injured in Kent State University shootings. it was expanded again with its members being directly elected. Thereafter it was simply expanded whenever new nations joined, and the membership was adjusted (upwards) in 19941994 is a common year starting on Saturday, and was designated the International year of the Family''. Events January events January 1 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect January 6 Nancy Kerrigan is clubbed on the right leg by an after German Reunification, until the Treaty of NiceThe Treaty of Nice is a treaty adopted in Nice by the European Council to amend the two founding treaties of the European Union: the Treaty on European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, which introduced the Euro and the 3-pillar structure of the EU; the Treaty set a cap on membership at 732.
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