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Fabianism focused on the advancement of socialist ideas through gradual influence and patiently insinuating socialist ideology into intellectual circles and groups with power.
The society laid many of the foundations of the British Labour Party in this time-period and is still in existence today.
The society was founded on January 4, 1884 in London, England as an offshoot of a society founded in 1883 called The Fellowship of the New Life.
Fellowship members included poets Edward Carpenter and John Davidson, sexologist Havelock Ellis and future Fabian secretary Edward Pease . They wanted to transform society by setting an example of clean simplified living for others to follow. But when some members also wanted to become politically involved to aid society's transformation, it was decided that a separate society, The Fabian Society, also be set up. All members were free to attend both societies. The Fellowship of the New Life disbanded sometime in the early 1890s but the Fabian Society grew to become the pre-eminent intellectual society in the United Kingdom in the Edwardian Era.
Immediately upon its inception it began attracting many intellectuals drawn to its socialist cause, including George Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, Sidney and Beatrice WebbMartha) Beatrice Webb (nee Potter) ( January 2, 1858 April 30, 1943) was a British socialist, economist and reformer, usually referred to in the same breath as her husband, Sidney Webb. Beatrice Webb was born in Gloucestershire, the granddaughter of a Rad, Annie BesantAnnie Besant ( October 1, 1847 September 20, 1933) was a prominent Theosophist, women's rights activist, writer and orator. Besant was divorced from her clergyman husband Frank Besant, younger brother of Walter Besant, and she had to leave both her childr, Graham Wallas , Hubert BlandHubert Bland ( 3 January 1855- 14 April 1914) was an early English socialist and one of the founders of the Fabian Society. Born in Woolwich, south-east London, Bland wanted to join the army but instead became a bank clerk. In 1877, he met 19-year-old Edi, Edith Nesbit, Sydney OlivierSir Sydney Haldane Olivier, 1st Baron Olivier ( 16 April 1859 15 February 1943), was a British civil servant. A Fabian and a member of the Labour Party, he served as Governor of Jamaica and as Secretary of State for India in the first government of Ramsay and Emmeline PankhurstEmmeline Pankhurst ( July 14, 1857 June 14, 1928) was one of the founders of the British suffragette movement. It is the name of "Mrs Pankhurst", more than any other, which is associated with the struggle for votes for women in the period immediately prec. Even Bertrand RussellBertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell ( May 18, 1872 February 2, 1970) was one of the most influential mathematicians, philosophers and logicians working (mostly) in the 20th century, an important political liberal, activist and a populariser later became a member.
The group, which favoured gradual rather than revolutionThis article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. For other meanings of the word, see revolution (disambiguation). A revolution is a relatively sudden and absolutely drastic change. This may be a change in the social or political institutary change, was named in honour of the Roman general Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator (nicknamed "the Delayer"), who advocated tactics involving harassment and attrition rather than head-on battles against the Carthaginian army under the renowned general Hannibal Barca.
Many Fabians participated in the formation of the Labour Party in 1900 and the group's constitution, written by Shaw, was borrowed heavily from the founding documents of the Labour Party. At the Labour Party Foundation Conference in 1900, the Fabian Society claimed 861 members and sent one delegate.
In the period between the two World Wars, the "Second Generation" Fabians—including the great writers R. H. Tawney , G. D. H. Cole and Harold Laski—continued to be a major influence on social-democratic thought.
Through the course of the 20th century the group has always been influential in Labour Party circles, with members including Ramsay MacDonald, Clement Attlee, Anthony Crosland, Richard Crossman, Tony Benn, Harold Wilson and more recently Tony Blair and Gordon Brown.
In recent years the Young Fabian group, founded in 1960, has become an important networking and discussion organisation for younger (under-31) Labour Party activists and played a role in the 1994 election of Tony Blair as Labour Leader.
The society's 2004 annual report showed that there were 5810 individual members (down 70 from the previous year), of whom 1010 were Young Fabians , and 294 institutional subscribers (of which 31 were CLP s, Co-operative societies, or trade unions), 190 were libraries, 58 corporate, and 15 other), making 6104 members in total. The society's net assets were £86,057, its total income £486,456, and its total expenditure £475,425. There was an overall surplus for the year of £1031.
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