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Falconiformes


Black-shouldered Kite
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Falconiformes
Families

Accipitridae
Pandionidae
Falconidae
Sagittariidae
Cathartidae

The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that include the diurnal birds of prey. Raptor classification is fraught with difficulty and the order is treated in several different ways.

Falconiforms are known from the Middle EoceneThe Eocene epoch (55-37 mya) is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Tertiary period in the Cenozoic era. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene epoch. The start of and typically have a sharply hooked beakThe beak otherwise known as the bill is the only device a bird has for consuming food. Birds have no teeth so they must swallow their food whole. A bird's beak can vary in size and shape depending on the nature of their diet. Some birds such as the falcon with a cere (soft mass) on the proximodorsal surface, housing the nostrilA nostril is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. In birds and mammals they contain branched bones or cartilages called turbinates whose function is to warm air on inhalation and remove moistures. Their wings are long and fairly broad, suitable for soaring flight, with the outer 4-6 primaries emarginated.

Falconiformes have strong legs and feet with raptorial claws and an opposable hind claw. Almost all Falconiforms are carnivorous, hunting by sight during the day or at twilight. They are exceptionally long-lived, and most have low reproductive rates.

The young have a long, very fast-growing fledgling stage, followed by 3-8 weeks of nest care after first flight and 1-3 years as sexually immature adults. The sexes have conspicuously different sizes, and monogamy is the general rule.

DNA studies mean that it is likely to be some time until a consensus is restored on this group of birds. See Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.



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