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| First Battle of Ypres | |||||||||||||||||
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| Conflict | World War I | ||||||||||||||||
| Date | October 19 - November 22, 1914 | ||||||||||||||||
| Place | Ypres, Belgium | ||||||||||||||||
| Result | British victory | ||||||||||||||||
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The First Battle of Ypres was the last major battle of the first year ( 1914) of World War I.
This battle and the Battle of the Yser marked the end of the Race to the Sea where the Germans tried to reach the French Channel ports of Calais and Dunkerque, which were the main supply routes for the British Expeditionary ForceThe British Expeditionary Force was the British army sent to France and Belgium in World War I and British Forces in Europe from 1939 1940 during World War II. World War I The British Expeditionary Force was established by Secretary of State for War Richa. Major German advances would not resume until the Spring OffensiveOperation Michael also known as the German Spring Offensive was the biggest gain in World War I on the Western Front by any side since 1914. On March 21 1918 Germany launched a major offensive, "Operation Michael", against British and Commonwealth forces. of 1918Events January January 8 President Woodrow Wilson announces his " Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I. February February 3 The Twin Peaks Tunnel begins service in San Francisco as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world (11,920 feet long)..
Outnumbered and exhausted, the British Expeditionary Force, under the command of General Sir John French, raced north from the mobile fighting of the first two months of the war to join two divisions of reinforcements recently landed in Belgium. They advanced east from St Omer, met and halted the German army at the Passchendaele Ridge to the east of the Belgian town of Ypres. Both sides dug in for trench warfare. The town of Ypres was rapidly demolished by artillery and air attack.
The Germans called the battle "The Massacre of the Innocents" (German "kindermorden"). Many of the German units conisted of enthusiastic students. Their offensive had been stopped by a British force, which although outnumbered was highly professional having learned many lessons from the Boer War. The BEF was supported for the first time by battalions from the Army of India and the British Territorials without whose support the Germans would surely have broken through. With tenacity and some good luck the ragged British line held on. The BEF was effectively destroyed at First Ypres but bought the British valuable time to reinforce the lines.
Ypres, 1st