Non User
Index: > A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z	Business Non User Industries Finance Tax

Home > French Revolution

The period of the French Revolution in the history of France covers the years between 1789 and 1799, in which democrats and republicans overthrew the absolute monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church perforce underwent radical restructuring. While France would oscillate among republic, empire, and monarchy for 75 years after the First Republic fell to a coup by Napoleon Bonaparte, the revolution nonetheless spelled a definitive end to the ancien régime, and eclipses all subsequent revolutions in France in the popular imagination.

1 Causes

See main article Causes of the French Revolution.

Many factors led to the revolution; to some extent the old order succumbed to its own rigidity in the face of a changing world; to some extent, it fell to the ambitions of a rising bourgeoisie, allied with aggrieved peasants and wage-earners and with individuals of all classes who had come under the influence of the ideas of the Enlightenment. As the revolution proceeded and as power devolved from the monarchy to legislative bodies, the conflicting interests of these initially allied groups would become the source of conflict and bloodshed.

Certainly, causes of the revolution must include all of the following:

• Resentment of royal absolutism.
• Resentment of the seigneurial systemThe seigneurial system was the semi- feudal system of noble privilege in France and its colonies. This article currently focuses on the seigneurial system as it applied to dividing land in New France. The seigneurial system was introduced to New France in by peasants, wage-earners, and a rising bourgeoisie.
• The rise of enlightenment ideals.
• An unmanageable national debtDebt is that which is owed. A person who owes debt is called a debtor . People or organisations often enter into agreements to borrow something. Both parties must agree on some standard of deferred payment, most usually a sum of money denominated as units, both caused by and exacerbating the burden of a grossly inequitable system of taxA tax is an involuntary fee paid by individuals or businesses to a government. Taxes may be paid in cash or kind (although payments in kind may not always be allowed or classified as taxes in all systems). The means of taxation, and the uses to which theation.
• FoodFood is any substance normally eaten or drunk by living organisms. The term food also includes liquid drinks. Food is the main source of energy and of nutrition for animals, and is usually of animal or plant origin. The study of food is called food scienc scarcity in the years immediately before the revolution.

Proto-revolutionary activity started when the French king Louis XVILouis XVI of France ( August 23, 1754 January 21, 1793) succeeded his grandfather ( Louis XV of France) as King of France on May 10, 1774; he was crowned on June 11, 1775. His father, the Louis dauphin son of Marie Leszczynska, had died in 1765. Louis was (reigned 1774Events January 21 Mustafa III, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire dies and is succeeded by his brother Abd-ul-Hamid I. May 10 Louis XVI becomes King of France. June 2 Intolerable Acts: The Quartering Act, requiring American colonists to let British soldiers int - 1792Events January 25 The London Corresponding Society is founded. February 20 The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by President George Washington. March 16 King of Sweden Gustav III Shot in the back by Jaco) faced a crisis in the royal finances. The French crown, which fiscally exactly equated to the French state, owed considerable debt. During the régimes of Louis XVLouis XV ( February 15, 1710 May 10, 1774) was king of France from 1715- 74. He was born at the Palace of Versailles. Until the royal legal age of maturity at fourteen, his uncle, Philippe d'Orleans, acted as Regent. Cardinal Fleury, until his death ( 174 (ruled 1715 - 1774) and Louis XVI several different ministers, including Turgot and Jacques Necker, unsuccessfully proposed to revise the French tax system to tax the nobles. Such measures encountered consistent resistance from the parlements (law courts), which the nobility dominated.

The subsequent struggle with the parlements in an unsuccessful attempt to enact these measures displayed the first overt signs of the disintegration of the ancien régime. In the ensuing struggle:

• Protestants regained their rights.
• Louis XVI promised an annual publication of the state of finances.
• Louis XVI promised to convoke the Estates-General within five years.

After Etienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne's resignation on August 25, 1788, Necker again took charge of the nation's finances. The king agreed on August 8, 1788 to convene the Estates-General in May 1789 -- for the first time since 1614.

Politics	Business	Finance

Topics: French Revolution Assembly 1789 National Clergy Constitution...

---

French languageFrench le francais la langue francaise is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered only by Spanish and Portuguese. French is the 11th most spoken language in the world, spoken by about 77 million people (called Francophones) as a mother to FrenchFrench in its formal sense and used in its capitalized form, denotes: #Something from or related to France. The French city of Paris has many fine restaurants. The French language. Many citizens of Luxembourg are able to speak French. The French people. French GuineaFrench Guinea (in West Africa) became independent from France in 1958 (see Guinea). Be careful with the spelling: French Guiana is not French Guinea''. French PolynesiaFrench Polynesia is a French overseas "country" ( French: pays d'outre-mer or POM in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands, the most famous island being Tahiti in the Society Islands group, which is also the mos French Southern TerritoriesThe French Southern Territories (long name: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands French: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises or TAAF are antarctic, volcanic islands in the southern Indian Ocean, south of Africa and a French GuianaGuiana or French Guiana (French Guyane or Guyane francaise is an overseas departement departement d'outre-mer, or DOM of France, located on the Caribbean coast of South America. Guyane Region Guyane Official language French Political statusNon- sovereign, French materialism French fries French cuisine French Revolution French Republican Calendar French phrases used by English speakers French Foreign Legion French and Indian War French peas-and-bacon stew