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He was born at Altona, Germany, the son of Jacob Struve (1755–1841), and was the first of an entire family of astronomers through four generations. He was the great-grandfather of Otto Struve and the father of Otto Wilhelm von Struve. He was also the grandfather of Hermann Struve, who was Otto Struve's uncle.
In 1808 he entered the University of Tartu, where he first studied philologyPhilology is the study of ancient texts and languages. The term originally meant a love ( Greek philo of learning and literature (Greek logia . Philology was one of the 19th century's first scientific approaches to human language but gave way to the moder, but soon turned his attention to astronomyAstronomy which etymologically means " law of the stars," (from Greek: + nomos) is a science involving the observation and explanation of events occurring outside Earth and its atmosphere. It studies the origins, evolution, physical and chemical propertie. From 18131813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). Events March 17 Through a newspaper, the Prussian king Frederick William III of Prussia calls for resistance against the Napoleonic occupation April 27 War of 1812: Battle of York to 1820Events January 1 Constitutionalist military insurrection at Cadiz leads to summoning of Spanish parliament ( March 7) and restoration of 1812 Constitution ( March 8) by king Ferdinand VII. January 29 George the Prince Regent becomes king George IV of the he taught at the university and observed at Dorpat Observatory in TartuTartu (also known by its German name Dorpat is the second largest city of Estonia, with its population of 101,246 (the Population Census data is from 2000) in an area of 38. 8 square kilometres. The first written records of Tartu date from 1030. In contra, and in 1820Events January 1 Constitutionalist military insurrection at Cadiz leads to summoning of Spanish parliament ( March 7) and restoration of 1812 Constitution ( March 8) by king Ferdinand VII. January 29 George the Prince Regent becomes king George IV of the became a full professor and director of the observatory.
Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve remained at TartuTartu (also known by its German name Dorpat is the second largest city of Estonia, with its population of 101,246 (the Population Census data is from 2000) in an area of 38. 8 square kilometres. The first written records of Tartu date from 1030. In contra, occupied with research on double starThis topic is about the astronomical phenomenon. For other uses, see double star (disambiguation). When two stars are so nearly in the same direction as seen from Earth that they appear to be a single star to the naked eye but may be separated by the uses and geodesy until 1839, when he founded and became director of the new Pulkovo Observatory near St Petersburg. He retired in 1861 due to failing health.
Struve's name is best known for his observations of double stars, which he carried on for many years. Although double stars had been studied earlier by William Herschel and John Herschel and Sir James South, Struve outdid any previous efforts. He discovered a very large number of double stars and in 1827 published his double star catalogue Catalogus novus stellarum duplicium.
Since most double stars are true binary stars rather than mere optical doubles (as William Herschel had been the first to discover), they orbit around one another's barycenter and slowly change position over the years. Thus Struve made micrometric measurements of 2714 double stars from 1824 to 1837 and published these in his work Stellarum duplicium et multiplicium mensurae micrometricae.
He was also the first to measure the parallax of Vega, although Friedrich Bessel had been the first to measure the parallax of a star ( 61 Cygni).
He carefully measured the "constant of aberration" in 1843.
He was also interested in geodetic surveying, and in 1831 published Beschreibung der Breitengradmessung in den Ostseeprovinzen Russlands.
Among other honors, he won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1826.
The asteroid 768 Struveana was named jointly in his honour and that of Otto Wilhelm von Struve and Karl Hermann Struve.
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