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The Geneva Conventions consist of treaties formulated in Geneva, Switzerland that set the standards for international law for humanitarian concerns. The conventions were the results of efforts by Henri Dunant, who was motivated by the horrors of war he witnessed at the Battle of Solferino. Accusations of violation of the Geneva Conventions on the part of signatory nations are brought before the International Court of Justice at the Hague.
The conventions and their agreements are as follows:
- First Geneva Convention ( 1864): Treatment of battlefield casualties.
- Second Geneva Convention ( 1906): Extended the principles from the first convention to apply also to war at sea.
- Third Geneva Convention ( 1929): Treatment of prisoners of war.
- Fourth Geneva ConventionThe Fourth Geneva Convention ("GCIV") relates to the protection of civilians during times of war in the hands of an enemy and under any occupation by a foreign power. This should not be confused with the more common Third Geneva Convention which deals wit ( 19491949 is the common year starting on Saturday. see link for calendar) Events January-February January 4 RMS Caronia of the Cunard Line departs Southampton for New York on her maiden voyage January 4 February 22 Series of winter storms in Nebraska, Wyoming,): Treatment of civilians during wartime in enemy hands.
In addition, there are two additional protocols to the Geneva Convention:
- Protocol I ( 1977For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). Events January 1 First woman Episcopal priest ordained January 6 EMI sacks the Sex Pistols January 18 Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious " legionnaire's disease" Januar): Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts
- Protocol II ( 1977For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). Events January 1 First woman Episcopal priest ordained January 6 EMI sacks the Sex Pistols January 18 Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious " legionnaire's disease" Januar): Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts
This First Convention also mandated the foundation of the International Committee of the Red CrossThe International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC is historically a committee of Swiss nationals, although non-Swiss nationals have recently been allowed (the committee appoints new members to itself to replace those who resign or die) which leads the int. The text is given in the Resolutions of the Geneva International ConferenceThe Geneva convention signed during the 26- 29 October 1863 signed the following treaty. The treaty concerns conduct during war. The International Conference, desirous of coming to the aid of the wounded should the Military Medical Services prove inadequa.
The first three conventions were revised, a fourth was added, and the entire set was ratified in 19491949 is the common year starting on Saturday. see link for calendar) Events January-February January 4 RMS Caronia of the Cunard Line departs Southampton for New York on her maiden voyage January 4 February 22 Series of winter storms in Nebraska, Wyoming,; the whole is referred to as the "Geneva Conventions of 1949" or simply the "Geneva Conventions". Later conferences have added provisions prohibiting certain methods of warfare and addressing issues of civil wars. Nearly all 200 countries of the world are "signatory" nations, in that they have ratified these conventions.
Clara BartonClara Barton ( December 25, 1821 April 12, 1912) pioneer nurse and Red Cross advocate, was born to Stephen and Sarah Barton in Oxford, Massachusetts. She became a teacher at age 15, a post that she was to hold for the next 18 years. However, in 1854 she s was instrumental in campaigning for the ratification of the First Geneva Convention by the United StatesThe United States of America also referred to as the United States U. America ¹ or the States is a federal republic in central North America, stretching from the Atlantic in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in; the U.S. signed in 1882. By the Fourth Geneva Convention some 47 nations had ratified the agreements.
