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Bulgaria lies in south-eastern Europe, bordering Romania, Serbia, the Republic of Macedonia, Turkey and the Black Sea. Its northern border with Romania follows the Danube river until Silistra.
Bulgaria's political geography has changed greatly since the restoration of statehood in 1878. Russia, whose military victories had lead to its creation, pushed for a "big Bulgaria" that would include much of Macedonia. At the Congress of Berlin , however, the powers insisted upon a much reduced area, divided until 1885 between the principalities of Bulgaria proper and Eastern Rumelia.
An independent kingdom from 1908 to 1946Events January January 4 Theodore Schurch becomes the last person to be executed for offences committed under the Treachery Act of 1940 January 7 Allied recognize Austrian republic with 1937 borders the country is divided into four occupation zones Januar and thereafter a republic, Bulgaria sought to expand its territory in the two Balkan WarsThe Balkan Wars were two wars in South-eastern Europe in 1912- 1913 in the course of which the Balkan League ( Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria) first conquered Ottoman-held Macedonia and most of Thrace and then fell out over the division of the sp of 19121912 is a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar) Events January 1 Establishment of Republic of China. January 6 New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U. January 17 British polar explorer Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four begin the- 131913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. click on link for calendar) Events January-March January 30 House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill February 1 New York City's Grand Central Station opens as the world's largest train station. February 3 Th and in World Wars IWorld War I (also known as the First World War , the Great War the War of the Nations and the "War to End All Wars") was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to 1918. No previous conflict had mobilized so many soldiers, or involved so many in the field of and IIWorld War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the world's nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. The war was fough. Defeat in the last three conflicts led to a large loss of territory in 19131913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. click on link for calendar) Events January-March January 30 House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill February 1 New York City's Grand Central Station opens as the world's largest train station. February 3 Th and 1919Events January January 1 Edsel Ford succeeds his father as head of the Ford Motor Company January 5 Spartacist uprising Socialist demonstrations in Berlin turn into attempted communist revolution with Spartacist League in the forefront January 9 Spartacus, though the 1940Events January-February January 5 FM radio is demonstrated to the FCC for the first time. January 6 World War II: Mass execution of Poles, committed by Germans in the Poznan, Warthegau. January 12 World War II: Russia bombs cities in Finland. February 2 F recovery of the Southern Dobruja was confirmed by the Paris Peace Treaty of 1947.
Geographic coordinates: 43 00 N, 25 00 E
Map references:
EuropeArea:
total:
110,910 kmē
land:
110,550 kmē
water:
360 kmē
Area - comparative: slightly larger than Tennessee
Land boundaries:
total:
1,808 km
border countries:
Coastline: 354 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
24 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
Climate: temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
Terrain: mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
Elevation extremes:
lowest point:
highest point:
Natural resources:
bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable landLand use:
arable land:
43%
permanent crops:
2%
permanent pastures:
14%
forests and woodland:
38%
other:
3% (1999 est.)
Irrigated land: 12,370 kmē (1993 est.)
Natural hazards: earthquakes, landslides
Environment - current issues: air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes
Environment - international agreements:
party to:
signed, but not ratified:
Geography - note: strategic location near Turkish Straits ; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia
Bulgaria has only one marsh, the Swamp of Durankulak .
See also :
Bulgaria Bulgaria *| Politics | Business | Finance |
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