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| Period in Office: | December, 1852 - February, 1855 |
| PM Predecessor: | The Earl of Derby |
| PM Successor: | The Viscount Palmerston |
| Date of Birth: | 28 January 1784 |
| Place of Birth: | Edinburgh |
| Political Party: | Peelite |
George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen ( January 28, 1784 - December 14, 1860) was a Tory politician who served as Prime Minister of the United KingdomIn the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. According to custom, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet (which he or she heads) are re from 1852 until 1855.
He was the eldest son of George Gordon, Lord Haddo. Born in Edinburgh on the 28th of January 1784, he lost his father in 1791 and his mother in 1795.
He was brought up by Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville. He was educated at HarrowAlternative meanings: Harrow, London, a place in the London Borough of Harrow; Harrow School, a famous public school in the United Kingdom; The Harrow, a fantasy and horror magazine. In agriculture, a harrow is an implement for cultivating the surface of, and St John's College, CambridgeThis article is about Cambridge, England; see also other places called Cambridge. The city of Cambridge is an old English University town and the regional centre of the county of Cambridgeshire. It lies approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of London and i, where he graduated as a nobleman in 1804.
Before this, however, he had become Earl of Aberdeen on his grandfather's death in 1801, and had travelled all over Europe. On his return to England founded the Athenian Society . In 1805, he married Catherine Elizabeth Hamilton, daughter of Lord Abercorn . In December he took his seat as a Tory in the House of LordsThis article is about the British House of Lords. See also the historical Irish House of Lords. The House of Lords is a component of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also includes the Sovereign and the British House of Commons. The House of Lor.
Following the death of his wife in 1812 he joined the Foreign Service. He was appointed ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at ViennaThis article is about the city and federal state in Austria. For other places or things called Vienna, see Vienna (disambiguation). Vienna ( German: Wien [viːn]) is the capital of Austria, and also one of Austria's nine federal states Bundesland Wi, where he signed the Treaty of Toplitz between Great Britain and Austria in October 1813. He was one of the British representatives at the Congress of Chatillon in February 1814, and at the negotiations which led to the Treaty of Paris in the following May.
Returning home he was created a peer of the United Kingdom as Viscount Gordon of Aberdeen (1814), and made a member of the privy council. In July 1815 he married Harriet, daughter of John Douglas, and widow of James, Viscount Hamilton. During the ensuing thirteen years Aberdeen took a less prominent part in public affairs.
He served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1828) and Foreign Secretary (1829-30) under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. He resigned with Wellington over the Reform Bill of 1832. He was Secretary for the Colonies (1834-35) and then Foreign Secretary (1841-46) under Robert Peel. It was during his second stint as Foreign Secretary that he settled two disagreements with the US - the Northeast Boundary dispute by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842), and the Oregon dispute by the treaty of 1846. he also worked successfully to improve relationships with France. He again followed his leader and resigned with Peel over the issue of the Corn Laws.
After Peel's death in 1850 he became the recognized leader of the Peelites. His dislike of the Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill , the rejection of which he failed to secure in 1851, prevented him from joining the government of Lord John Russell.
In December 1852, however, be became Prime Minister and headed a coalition ministry of Whigs and Peelites. Although united on free trade and on questions of domestic reform, his cabinet which contained Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell, was certain to differ on questions of foreign policy.
He entered the country into the Crimean War on the side of the Ottoman Empire following pressure from some of his cabinet. Palmerston, supported by Russell, favoured a more aggressive policy, and Aberdeen, unable to control Palmerston, acquiesed.
However the war proved his downfall. As reports returned detailing the mis-management of the conflict Russell resigned; and on January 29, 1855 a motion for the appointment of a select committee to enquire into the conduct of the War, was carried by a large majority. Treating this as a vote of confidence Aberdeen resigned.
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