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A gesture is a form of non-verbal communication made with a part of the body, and used instead of verbal communication (or in combination with it).
Many gestures have offensive import; the language of gesture is rich in ways for individuals to express contempt, hostility, or approval towards others. Most people use gestures and body language in addition to words when they speak; some ethnic groups and languages use them more than others do, and the amount of such gesturing that is considered culturally acceptable varies from one location to the next. These gestures include acts such as pointing, one of the few gestures whose meaning varies little from one country to the next, as well as using the hands and body to keep time with the rhythms of speech and emphasize certain words or phrases.
Most of these gestures have no invariable or specific meaning; the gestures listed below have such a meaning in the cultures in which they are found. The gestures we use as we speak are integrally connected to both our speech and our thought processes; prominent researchers in this field include Susan Goldin-Meadow and David McNeill .
This gesture is performed by raising the fist with the index finger and thumb extended. The index finger points at the recipient. The thumb is then brought down on top of the fingers, in imitation of the action of a revolver pistol, which this gesture is meant to represent. This gesture is often meant to represent a handgun in children's games.
The benediction gesture is a raised right hand with the ring and pinky fingers touching the palm, with the thumb, middle, and index fingers raised. It is used by the Christian clergy to perform blessings.
A bow is a gesture of respect involving lowering the head, usually performed by a social inferior to a social superior. Various cultures have different degrees or ways of performing the bow; China and Japan are particularly associated with elaborate and formal bowing. Bowing is also done by many groups as a ritual associated with prayerPrayer is an effort to communicate with a God, or to some deity or deities, either to offer praise to the deity, to make a request of the deity, or simply to express one's thoughts and emotions to the deity. There are a variety approaches to understanding. In the Western world, women curtsey rather than bow. Kneel ing and " kowtowKowtow from the Chinese term kou tou , is the act of deep respect shown by kneeling and bowing so low as to touch the head to the ground. While the phrase ke tou is often used in lieu of the former in modern Chinese, the meaning is somewhat altered: kou oing" are more extreme or elaborate forms of self-abasement before a social superior.
A raised, clenched fist is used as a gesture of defiance by a number of groups. It is usually considered to be hostile, yet without any sexual, scatological, or notionally offensive connotations. It is especially associated with CommunistsThis article is about communism as a form of society, as an ideology advocating that form of society, and as a popular movement. For issues regarding the organization of the communist movement, see the Communist party article. For issues regarding one-par and with other nationalist or ethnic revolutionThis article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. For other meanings of the word, see revolution (disambiguation). A revolution is a relatively sudden and absolutely drastic change. This may be a change in the social or political institutary or would-be revolutionary movements, and with the Black PowerBlack Power is a slogan which describes the aspiration of many Africans (whether they be in Africa or abroad) to national self-determination the idea that African people should have their own government and not be subjects of any alien government or imper movements of the 1960sCenturies: 19th century 20th century 21st century Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Years: 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 Events and trends The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around in the United States. It is the custom to make this gesture while singing The InternationaleThe Internationale L'Internationale in French) is the most famous socialist song and one of the most widely recognized songs in the world. The original ( French) words were written by Eugene Pottier ( 1816 1887) in 1871. Pierre Degeyter ( 1848 1932) set t, the MarxistMarxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. Marx drew on Hegel's philosophy, the political economy of Adam Smith, R anthem.
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