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Cassini was an astronomer at the Panzano Observatory , from 1648 to 1669. He was a professor of astronomy at the University of Bologna and became, in 1671, director of the Paris Observatory. He thoroughly adopted his new country, to the extent that he became interchangeably known as Jean-Dominique Cassini.
Along with HookeRobert Hooke ( July 18, 1635 March 3, 1703) was one of the greatest experimental scientists of the seventeenth century, and hence one of the key figures in the scientific revolution. Born in Freshwater, on the Isle of Wight, Hooke received his early educa, Cassini is given credit for the discovery of the Great Red SpotThe Great Red Spot is an anticyclonic (high-pressure) storm on the planet Jupiter, 22° south of the equator; which has lasted at least 300 years. The storm is large enough to be visible through Earth-based telescopes. It was first observed either by Cassi (~ 1665Events March 4 Start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War March 6 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society begins publication March 16 Bucharest allows Jews to settle in the city in exchange of annual tax of 16 guilders June 3 The Duke of York defeats the). Cassini was the first to observe four of Saturn'sSaturn is the sixth planet from the Sun. It is a gas giant, the second-largest planet in the solar system after Jupiter. It was named after the Roman god Saturn. Its symbol is a stylized representation of the god's sickle ( Unicode: ♄). Physical ch moonMoons The common noun moon (not capitalized) is used to mean any natural satellite of the other planets. There are, at least, 140 moons within Earth's solar system, and presumably many others orbiting the planets of other stars. Typically the larger gas gs; he also discovered the Cassini DivisionThe Cassini Division is a 4,800 km (2,980 mile) gap between Saturn's A Ring and B Ring. It was discovered in 1675 by Giovanni Cassini. All of the gaps in Saturn's rings are caused by the gravitational pull of one or more of Saturn's moons affecting the or ( 1675Events January 5 The Battle of Turckeim August 10 Building of the Royal Greenwich Observatory began November 11 Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs. Cassini discovers Saturn's Cassini Division Battle of Fehrbellin Births March 31 Pope Be). Around 1690Events Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiter's atmosphere. January 6 Joseph, son of Emperor Leopold I becomes King of the Romans January 14 The clarinet is invented in Nuremberg, Germany May 20 England passes Act of Grace, Cassini was the first to observe differential rotation within Jupiter's atmosphere.
In 1672 he sent his colleague Jean Richer to Cayenne, French Guiana, while he himself stayed in Paris. The two made simultaneous observations of Mars and thus found its parallax to determine its distance, thus measuring for the first time the true dimensions of the solar system.
Cassini was the first to make successful measurements of longitude by the method suggested by Galileo, using eclipses of the satellites of Jupiter as a clock.
Jean-Dominique Cassini became interested in astronomy through his early fascination with astrology. Attracted to astrology in his youth, his first interest was in astrology rather than astronomy. Later in his life he focused almost exclusively on astronomy alone and all but denounced astrolgy as he became more and more involved in the scientific revolution and ultra-rational thought of the day. While young he read widely on the subject of astrology, and soon he was very knowledgeable about it; strangely enough, it was his extensive knowledge of astrology that led to his first appointment as an astronomer.
In 1644 the Marquis Cornelio Malvasia, who was a senator of Bologna with a great interest in astrology, invited Cassini to Bologna and offered him a position in the Panzano Observatory which he was constructing at that time. Most of their time was spent calculating newer, better, and more accurate ephemerides for astrological purposes using the rapidly advancing astronomical methods and tools of the day.
In 1669 Cassini moved to France and through a grant from Louis XIV of France helped to set up the Paris Observatory which opened in 1671; Cassini would remain the director of it for the rest of his career until his death in 1712. While in France Cassini also served as the court astronomer/astrologer of Louis XIV of France ("The Sun King") for 41 years, serving the expected dual role yet focusing the overwhelming majority of his time on astronomy rather than the astrology he had studied so much of in his youth.
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