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| Country | India | |
| Capital — Administrative | | |
| Location — Latitude | — 15° N | |
| Governor | SC Jamir | |
| Chief Minister | Manohar Parrikar | |
| State language | Konkani | |
| Liberation Day | December 19, 1961 | |
| Statehood Day | May 30, 1987 | |
| Population | 1.4 million | |
| Area | 37.02 km² | |
Goa (गोवा) is India's smallest state in terms of area and the second smallest in terms of population. Goa is internationally renowned for its fabled tropical beaches and world heritage architecture. A former colony of Portugal, parts of it were ruled by the Portuguese for about 450 years, from 1510 up until December 1961.
The Indian epic Mahabharata refers to Goa by the appellation Goparashtra — a nation of cowherds. The southern KonkanThe Konkan also called the Konkan Coast or Karavali is the name given to a section of the western coastline of India, extending from Gujarat in the north to Karnataka in the south, between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. Definitions of Konkan diffe region was called Govarashtra. In ancient Indian texts in Sanskrit, Goa was also known as Gopakapuri or Gapakapattana. These names were also mentioned in the sacred Hindu texts such as the Harivansa and the Skanda. Goa is also known as Gomanchala in the latter. In the PuranaHindu mythology bases more on its eighteen Puranas six each are rendered to each of the Hindu Trinity, Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. Vishnu Puranas: # Vishnu, # Bhagavata, # Naradeya, # Garuda, # Padma. Brahma Puranas: # Brahma, # Brahmanda, # Brahma Vaivartas and certain inscriptions, the name of the place appears as Gove, Govapuri, Gopakpattan, and Gomant. PtolemyThis article is about the geographer and astronomer Ptolemy. For Alexander the Great's general, see Ptolemy I of Egypt. For others, see Ptolemy (disambiguation). Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: Klaudios Ptolemaios; A. circa 85 circa 165), known in English as, the ancient geographer referred to Goa as Gouba around AD 200Events Jewish Eretz Yisraeli scholar Judah ha-Nasi compiles tracts of the Mishnah, beginning the creation of Talmudic law. Chinese warlord Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao in the Battle of Guandu. The Classic age of Maya civilization begins. Sun Quan founds the. It has also been known as Aprant. The medieval ArabThere are three factors which may assist to varying degrees in determining whether someone is considered Arab or not: Political: whether they live in a country which is a member of the Arab League (or, more vaguely, the Arab World); this definition coversian geographers knew the port city of Chandor (or Chandrapur) as Sindabur, or Sandabur. The name that the Portuguese as knew Goa is a small ancient port town of what today is known as Goa-Velha. The term Goa was later applied to the whole territory that the Portuguese came to occupy (Velhas Conquistas as well as the Novas Conquistas).
Main article: History of Goa
Goa has a long history stretching back to the 3rd century BC, when it formed part of the Mauryan empire. It was later ruled by the Satavahans of Kolhapur at the beginning of the Christian era and eventually passed to the Chalukyans of Badami, who controlled it from AD 580 to 750. Over the next few centuries it was ruled successively by the Silharas, the Kadambas and the Chalukyans of Kalyani.
Goa fell under the Delhi Sultanate for the first time in 1312, but they were forced to evacuate it in 1370 by Harihara I of the Vijayanagar. The Vijayanagar monarchs held on to Goa for nearly 100 years. In 1469, however, Goa was re-appropriated, this time by the Bahmani Sultans of Gulbarga. When this dynasty broke up, the area passed to Adil Shahis of Bijapur, who made Goa Velha their second capital. A church in Old Goa.
In 1498, Vasco da Gama became the first European to set foot in India via a sea route. His successful mission led to other European powers seeking an alternate route to India as the traditional land routes were closed by the Turks. In 1510, the ruling Moghul Bijapur kings were defeated by the Portuguese admiral Afonso de Albuquerque, on request of a Hindu king, Timayya (Timoja). The Portuguese set up a base in Goa in their quest to control the spice trade. By mid- 16th century, the area under occupation had expanded to most of present day limits.
On December 19, 1961, the Indian Army moved its troops into Goa taking it over by force. Goa, and the exclaves of Daman and Diu, were annexed to India via the 12th amendment to India's constitution, making them a Union territory of India. On May 30, 1987, the Union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu was split with Goa being elevated to India's 25th state.
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