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Classical Latin basically had changed the very early -om and -os endings to -um and -us.
Some lexical differences to later Latin include the broadening of meaning later on (eg. forte meant not only 'surpisingly' but also 'hard').
The earliest poet considered to be Golden Age Latin is the Epicurean philosopher Lucretius, who wrote a long didactic poem On the Nature of Things in which Epicurean philosophy is expounded.
Catullus was a slightly later, but more important poet. Catullus pioneered the naturalization of Greek lyric verse forms in Latin. The poetry of Catullus was personal, sometimes erotic, sometimes playful, and frequently abusive. He wrote exclusively in Greek metres. The heavy hand of Greek prosody would continue to have a pronounced influence on the style and syntax of Latin poetry until the rise of Christianity made a different sort of hymnody become needed.The Grecianizing tendencies of Golden Age Latin reached their apex in Vergil, whose ÆneidThe Aeneid is a Latin epic written by Virgil in the 1st century BC that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who traveled to Italy where he became the ancestor of the Romans. Form and Tradition The Aeneid is an epic poem of twelve books, in consc was an epic poem after the method of HomerFor other uses, see Homer (disambiguation). Homer ( Greek Ὅμηρος Hómēros was a legendary (or perhaps mythical) early Greek poet traditionally credited with authorship of the major Greek epics Iliad a; in HoraceQuintus Horatius Flaccus ( December 8, 65 BC 8 BC) known in the English world as Horace was the leading lyric poet in Latin. Horace was the son of a freedman, but himself born free. His father spent considerable money on Horace's education, sending him to, whose odeThis article is about the poetic and musical form of ode. For ordinary differential equations (abbr. ODE), see differential equation. From the Greek and Latin poems of the same name written for formal occasions. Keats's "Ode on a Grecian Urn" is an exampls and satireSatire is a literary technique of writing or art which principally ridicules its subject (individuals, organizations, states) often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. In Celtic societies, it was thought a bard's satire could have physs were after the manner of the Greek anthology, and who used almost all of the fixed forms of Greek prosody in Latin; and in OvidFor other uses, see Ovid (disambiguation Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC AD 17) Roman poet known to the English-speaking world as Ovid wrote on topics of love, abandoned women, and mythological transformations. Ovid wrote in elegiac couplets, with, who wrote long and learned poems on mythological subjects, as well as semi-satirical pieces such as the Ars Amatoria, the Art of Love . Tibullus and Propertius also wrote poems that were modelled after Greek antecedents.
In prose, Golden Age Latin is exemplified by Julius Caesar, whose Commentaries on the Gallic Wars display a laconic, precise, military style; and by Marcus Tullius Cicero, a practicing lawyer and politician, whose judicial arguments and political speeches, most notably the Catiline Orations, were considered for centuries to be the best models for Latin prose. Cicero also wrote many letters which have come down to us, and a few philosophical tracts in which he gives his version of Stoicism.
Historiography was an important genre of classical Latin prose; it includes Sallust, who wrote of the Conspiracy of Catiline and the War Against Jugurtha, his only works that have been preserved complete. Livy, also, was a historian; his Ab Urbe Condita, a history of Rome "from the Founding of the City," was originally in 145 books, of which only 35 have been preserved.
| Ages of Latin | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| —75 BC | 75 BC – 1st c. | 2nd c. – 8th c. | 9th c. – 15th c. | 15th c. - 17th c. | 17th c. – present |
| Old Latin | Golden Age Latin Silver Age Latin ( Classical Latin) | Late Latin | Medieval Latin | Humanist Latin | New Latin |
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